Type D personality and illness perceptions in myocardial infarction patients.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To determine the relationship between Type D personality (the tendency to experience negative emotions and to be socially inhibited) and illness beliefs in postmyocardial infarction (MI) patients. METHODS: One hundred and ninety-two MI patients participated. Patients were assessed on demographic variables and completed the Type D Scale (DS14) and Brief Illness Perceptions Questionnaire one week post-MI. RESULTS: Multivariate analysis of variance revealed that Type D patients were significantly different from non-Type D patients on every illness perception dimension. Type D patients believe that their illness has significantly more serious consequences (P<.001), will last significantly longer (P<.001), will be significantly less controllable by them (P<.05) or through treatment (P<.001) compared to non-Type D patients, and experience significantly more symptoms that they attribute to their illness (P<.001). In addition, they are significantly more concerned about their illness (P<.05), experience significantly more emotions as a result (P<.001), and find their illness to be significantly less comprehensible compared to non-Type D individuals (P<.001). CONCLUSION: Type D individuals possess a distinct profile of illness beliefs, which may help explain the adverse effect of Type D on health outcomes following MI. Future research should evaluate intervention strategies to tackle illness perceptions in these high-risk patients.