Gender bias in autoimmunity is influenced by microbiota.
Immunity
; 39(2): 400-12, 2013 Aug 22.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-23973225
ABSTRACT
Gender bias and the role of sex hormones in autoimmune diseases are well established. In specific pathogen-free nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice, females have 1.3-4.4 times higher incidence of type 1 diabetes (T1D). Germ-free (GF) mice lost the gender bias (female-to-male ratio 1.1-1.2). Gut microbiota differed in males and females, a trend reversed by male castration, confirming that androgens influence gut microbiota. Colonization of GF NOD mice with defined microbiota revealed that some, but not all, lineages overrepresented in male mice supported a gender bias in T1D. Although protection of males did not correlate with blood androgen concentration, hormone-supported expansion of selected microbial lineages may work as a positive-feedback mechanism contributing to the sexual dimorphism of autoimmune diseases. Gene-expression analysis suggested pathways involved in protection of males from T1D by microbiota. Our results favor a two-signal model of gender bias, in which hormones and microbes together trigger protective pathways.
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Doenças Autoimunes
/
Infecções Bacterianas
/
Autoimunidade
/
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1
/
Androgênios
Tipo de estudo:
Prognostic_studies
Limite:
Animals
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Immunity
Assunto da revista:
ALERGIA E IMUNOLOGIA
Ano de publicação:
2013
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Estados Unidos