Association of indoor dampness and molds with rhinitis risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
J Allergy Clin Immunol
; 132(5): 1099-1110.e18, 2013 Nov.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-24028857
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
A substantial proportion of the world's population is exposed to indoor dampness-related exposures. Since the 1990s, studies have assessed the relation between indoor dampness and mold and rhinitis, but the evidence has been inconclusive. No previous meta-analysis has been reported on this topic.OBJECTIVE:
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies on the relations between indoor dampness and mold and the risk of different types of rhinitis and investigated whether these relations differ according to the type of exposure.METHODS:
A systematic search of the Ovid MEDLINE and EMBASE databases was conducted (1950 through August 2012), and reference lists of relevant articles were reviewed. Cross-sectional, case-control, and cohort studies in children or adults were selected according to a priori criteria and evaluated by 3 authors independently.RESULTS:
Thirty-one studies on rhinitis, allergic rhinitis (AR), or rhinoconjunctivitis were included. In meta-analyses the largest risk was observed in relation to mold odor (rhinitis 2.18 [95% CI, 1.76-2.71]; AR 1.87 [95% CI, 0.95-3.68]). The risk related to visible mold was also consistently increased (rhinitis 1.82 [95% CI, 1.56-2.12]; AR 1.51 [95% CI, 1.39-1.64]; rhinoconjunctivitis 1.66 [95% CI, 1.27-2.18]). In addition, exposure to dampness was related to increased risk of all types of rhinitis.CONCLUSION:
This meta-analysis provides new evidence that dampness and molds at home are determinants of rhinitis and its subcategories. The associations were strongest with mold odor, suggesting the importance of microbial causal agents. Our results provide evidence that justifies prevention and remediation of indoor dampness and mold problems, and such actions are likely to reduce rhinitis.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Rinite
/
Poluição do Ar em Ambientes Fechados
/
Fungos
/
Umidade
Tipo de estudo:
Etiology_studies
/
Observational_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
/
Systematic_reviews
Limite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Allergy Clin Immunol
Ano de publicação:
2013
Tipo de documento:
Article