Selective steroid oxyfunctionalisation by CYP154C5, a bacterial cytochrome P450.
Microb Cell Fact
; 12: 95, 2013 Oct 17.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-24134652
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases--able to regio- and stereoselectively hydroxylate non-activated carbon atoms--are important enzymes for the synthesis of valuable intermediates in the production of steroid hormones in the pharmaceutical industry. However, up to now only a few bacterial enzymes able to hydroxylate steroids have been reported. CYP154C5 from Nocardia farcinica IFM 10152, a bacterial P450 monooxygenase, was previously shown to convert testosterone to 16α-hydroxytestosterone. Since the hydroxylation at 16α-position is of special interest for the pharmaceutical industry, we have studied this enzyme in more detail to investigate its activity and selectivity in bioconversions of further steroids.RESULTS:
CYP154C5 was coexpressed in Escherichia coli together with putidaredoxin and putidaredoxin reductase from Pseudomonas putida as redox partners for electron transfer and applied in bioconversions of various pregnanes and androstanes [pregnenolone (1), dehydroepiandrosterone (2), progesterone (3), androstenedione (4), testosterone (5) and nandrolone (6)]. Structure elucidation of the formed products revealed an exclusive regio- and stereoselectivity of CYP154C5, always yielding the corresponding 16α-hydroxylated steroids. Application of whole cells expressing the three components, P450, Pdx and PdR, in steroid biotransformations resulted in significantly higher conversions and total turnover numbers (TTN) compared to reactions using cell-free extracts. Additionally, considerably higher substrate loads (up to 15 mM) were tolerated by the whole-cell system. Furthermore, turnover numbers (TON) were determined for the six different steroids using whole cells. Thus, testosterone was found to be the worst substrate with a TON of only 0.8 µmol substrate consumed min-1 µmol(-1) CYP154C5, while progesterone and pregnenolone were converted the fastest resulting in TON of 3.3 µmol substrate consumed min(-1) µmol(-1) CYP154C5.CONCLUSION:
CYP154C5 from N. farcinica constitutes a promising catalyst due to its high regio- and stereoselectivity in the hydroxylation of different steroids as well as its efficient expression in E. coli at high yields. Using this enzyme, 16α-hydroxylated steroids, which are important precursors for the synthesis of high value steroidal drugs in the pharmaceutical industry, can be selectively produced on preparative scale with TTN (µmol substrate consumed µmol(-1) CYP154C5) exceeding 2000.
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Esteroides
/
Sistema Enzimático do Citocromo P-450
/
Escherichia coli
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Microb Cell Fact
Assunto da revista:
BIOTECNOLOGIA
/
MICROBIOLOGIA
Ano de publicação:
2013
Tipo de documento:
Article