Dietary protein and urinary nitrogen in relation to 6-year changes in fat mass and fat-free mass.
Int J Obes (Lond)
; 39(1): 162-8, 2015 Jan.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-24840082
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
In contrast to the physiological expectation, observational studies show that greater protein intake is associated with subsequent body weight (BW) gain. An increase in fat-free mass (FFM) due to the anabolic effects of protein could explain this.OBJECTIVE:
To examine associations between protein intake and subsequent changes in fat mass (FM) and FFM in longitudinal, observational data.DESIGN:
A health examination, including measures of FM and FFM by bioelectrical impedance at baseline and follow-up 6 years later, was conducted. Diet history interviews (DHI) were performed, and 24-h urinary nitrogen collection at baseline was done. In total, 330 participants with DHI, of whom 227 had validated and complete 24-h urine collection data, were analyzed. Macronutrient energy substitution models were used.RESULTS:
Mean estimated protein intake was 14.6 E% from DHI and 11.3 E% from urinary nitrogen. Estimated from DHI, FM increased 46 g per year, with every 1 E% protein substituted for fat (95% confidence interval (CI) = 13, 79; P = 0.006), and FFM increased 15 g per year (1, 30; P = 0.046). Results were similar in other substitution models. Estimated from urinary nitrogen, FM increased 53 g per year, with 1 E% protein substituted for other macronutrients (24, 81; P < 0.0005), and FFM increased 18 g per year (6, 31; P = 0.004).CONCLUSION:
Within a habitual range, a greater protein intake was associated with BW gain, mostly in FM. This is in contrast to the expectations based on physiological and clinical trials, and calls for a better understanding of how habitual dietary protein influences long-term energy balance, versus how greater changes in dietary proteins may influence short-term energy balance.
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Proteínas Alimentares
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Aumento de Peso
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Tecido Adiposo
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Nitrogênio
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Obesidade
Tipo de estudo:
Etiology_studies
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Observational_studies
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Prognostic_studies
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Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Adult
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Female
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Humans
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Male
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Middle aged
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Int J Obes (Lond)
Assunto da revista:
METABOLISMO
Ano de publicação:
2015
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Dinamarca