[Choosing the right medications in elderly patients with chronic kidney disease]. / Appropriatezza della farmacoterapia nel paziente anziano nefropatico.

ABSTRACT

With the aging of the population, the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is increased. Measurement of glomerular filtration rate as a screening tool may over-diagnose CKD, especially when proteinuria is normal, but it can be very useful when considering drug metabolism. Renal dysfunction is a factor predisposing to potential adverse drug reactions, because drug can accumulate to toxic levels. In addition, some drugs are nephrotoxic and can more easily damage the kidneys in the elderly. Limited data are available on the risks of drugs in the elderly population with CKD. Drugs with no clear evidence-based indication, drugs with higher risks of adverse side effects compared to their benefits, and drugs which are not cost-effective, have been defined "potentially inappropriate medications" (PIMs). Even if criteria to evaluate PIMs and adverse drug reactions are available to clinical management, we strongly support the idea that the issue of PIMs in the elderly affected by CKD should be better studied and defined. The Italian website Slow Medicine, based on the US project "Choosing Wisely", opened a new strategy in this field, taking into consideration both economic issues and patients quality of life. The main goal of this initiative is avoiding wasteful or unnecessary medical tests, treatments and procedures.