Molecular Actions of Glucocorticoids in Cartilage and Bone During Health, Disease, and Steroid Therapy.
Physiol Rev
; 96(2): 409-47, 2016 Apr.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-26842265
ABSTRACT
Cartilage and bone are severely affected by glucocorticoids (GCs), steroid hormones that are frequently used to treat inflammatory diseases. Major complications associated with long-term steroid therapy include impairment of cartilaginous bone growth and GC-induced osteoporosis. Particularly in arthritis, GC application can increase joint and bone damage. Contrarily, endogenous GC release supports cartilage and bone integrity. In the last decade, substantial progress in the understanding of the molecular mechanisms of GC action has been gained through genome-wide binding studies of the GC receptor. These genomic approaches have revolutionized our understanding of gene regulation by ligand-induced transcription factors in general. Furthermore, specific inactivation of GC signaling and the GC receptor in bone and cartilage cells of rodent models has enabled the cell-specific effects of GCs in normal tissue homeostasis, inflammatory bone diseases, and GC-induced osteoporosis to be dissected. In this review, we summarize the current view of GC action in cartilage and bone. We further discuss future research directions in the context of new concepts for optimized steroid therapies with less detrimental effects on bone.
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Osso e Ossos
/
Cartilagem
/
Receptores de Glucocorticoides
/
Regulação da Expressão Gênica
/
Glucocorticoides
Tipo de estudo:
Prognostic_studies
Limite:
Animals
/
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Physiol Rev
Ano de publicação:
2016
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Alemanha