Appropriate Clinical Strategies for Breast Cancer Coexisting with Acute Myeloid Leukemia in the Genomic-Molecular Era: A Case Report.

BACKGROUND: The coexistence of breast cancer (BC) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML) has rarely been reported. Considering the fatality of AML, the management of this condition is based on treating the AML immediately while putting BC treatment on hold. CASE REPORT: Here, we report a synchronous occurrence of BC and AML. Prognostic factors for both BC and AML were determined by genomic and molecular evaluation. The evaluation for AML showed a relatively good prognosis, and we simultaneously conducted treatment for AML and BC. The patient has survived for more than 3 years, which makes this the case with the longest survival reported. CONCLUSION: In patients with BC and AML, it is essential to determine the prognosis through a genomic and molecular evaluation. For a certain group of patients whose prognosis of AML is good, simultaneous or initial treatment of BC before treatment of AML may be appropriate.