Cancer-associated thrombosis in Asia.

ABSTRACT

Thrombosis is a common complication in cancer patients. Although the major inherited risk factors for thrombophilia are different between Asians and Caucasians, the main acquired risk factors that are associated with the development of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in Asians appear to be similar to those for Caucasians. Malignancy is the most important acquired risk factor for VTE in Asians. Recent studies have shown that the incidence of VTE is significant in Asian patients with cancer, particularly those in an advanced stage. Cancer associated VTE is more severe and associated with higher morbidity and mortality. Unprovoked VTE is associated with an increased risk of subsequent cancer diagnosis. A number of international and national guidelines are available to provide guidance to healthcare providers to treat and prevent this serious complication based on best-available evidence. Identifying cancer patients at risk for VTE and use of appropriate thromboprophylaxis in these patients can potentially improve morbidity and mortality. Although direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) may become an attractive treatment for cancer-associated VTE, further clinical trials are needed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of DOACs directly against LMWH in cancer patients.