Sex-dependent consequences of neonatal brain hypoxia-ischemia in the rat.
J Neurosci Res
; 95(1-2): 409-421, 2017 01 02.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-27870406
ABSTRACT
Neonatal hypoxia-ischemia (HI) is an important cause of neurological deficits in humans, and the Levine-Rice model of experimental HI in the rat mimics the human brain lesion and the following sensory motor deficits and cognitive disabilities. With the growing evidence that sex influences all levels of brain functions, this Mini-Review highlights studies in which sex was a controlled variable and that provided evidence of sexual dimorphism in behavioral outcome, extension of brain damage, mechanisms of lesion, and treatment efficacy in the rat neonatal HI model. It was shown that 1) females have greater memory deficits; 2) cell death is dependent mainly on caspase activation in females; 3) males are more susceptible to oxidative stress; and 4) treatments acting on distinct cell death pathways afford sex-dependent neuroprotection. These tentative conclusions, along with growing evidence from other fields of neurobiology, support the need for scientists to design their experiments considering sex as an important variable; otherwise, important knowledge will continue to be missed. It is conceivable that sex can influence the development of efficacious therapeutic tools to treat neonates suffering from brain HI. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Encéfalo
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Deficiências do Desenvolvimento
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Caracteres Sexuais
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Hipóxia-Isquemia Encefálica
Tipo de estudo:
Prognostic_studies
Limite:
Animals
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Neurosci Res
Ano de publicação:
2017
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Brasil