Pseudomonas aeruginosa Biofilms: Host Response and Clinical Implications in Lung Infections.
Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol
; 58(4): 428-439, 2018 04.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-29372812
ABSTRACT
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a major health challenge that causes recalcitrant multidrug-resistant infections, especially in immunocompromised and hospitalized patients. P. aeruginosa is an important cause of nosocomial and ventilator-associated pneumonia characterized by high prevalence and fatality rates. P. aeruginosa also causes chronic lung infections in individuals with cystic fibrosis. Multidrug- and totally drug-resistant strains of P. aeruginosa are increasing threats that contribute to high mortality in these patients. The pathogenesis of many P. aeruginosa infections depends on its ability to form biofilms, structured bacterial communities that can coat mucosal surfaces or invasive devices. These biofilms make conditions more favorable for bacterial persistence, as embedded bacteria are inherently more difficult to eradicate than planktonic bacteria. The molecular mechanisms that underlie P. aeruginosa biofilm pathogenesis and the host response to P. aeruginosa biofilms remain to be fully defined. However, it is known that biofilms offer protection from the host immune response and are also extremely recalcitrant to antimicrobial therapy. Therefore, development of novel therapeutic strategies specifically aimed at biofilms is urgently needed. Here, we review the host response, key clinical implications of P. aeruginosa biofilms, and novel therapeutic approaches to treat biofilms relevant to lung infections. Greater understanding of P. aeruginosa biofilms will elucidate novel avenues to improve outcomes for P. aeruginosa pulmonary infections.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
/
Infecções por Pseudomonas
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Pneumonia Bacteriana
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Biofilmes
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Pneumonia Associada à Ventilação Mecânica
Tipo de estudo:
Diagnostic_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Animals
/
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol
Assunto da revista:
BIOLOGIA MOLECULAR
Ano de publicação:
2018
Tipo de documento:
Article