A two-phase response of endothelial cells to hydrostatic pressure.
J Cell Sci
; 131(12)2018 06 21.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-29848657
ABSTRACT
The vascular endothelium is exposed to three types of mechanical forces blood flow-mediated shear stress, vessel diameter-dependent wall tension and hydrostatic pressure. Despite considerable variations of blood pressure during normal and pathological physiology, little is known about the acute molecular and cellular effects of hydrostatic pressure on endothelial cells. Here, we used a combination of quantitative fluorescence microscopy, atomic force microscopy and molecular perturbations to characterize the specific response of endothelial cells to application of pressure. We identified a two-phase response of endothelial cells with an initial response to acute (1â
h) application of pressure (100â
mmHg) followed by a different response to chronic (24â
h) application. While both regimes induce cortical stiffening, the acute response is linked to Ca2+-mediated myosin activation, whereas the chronic cell response is dominated by increased cortical actin density and a loss in endothelial barrier function. GsMTx-4 and amiloride inhibit the acute pressure response, which suggests that the ENaC Na+ channel is a key player in endothelial pressure sensing. The described two-phase pressure response may participate in the differential effects of transient changes in blood pressure and hypertension.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Células Endoteliais
/
Pressão Hidrostática
Limite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Cell Sci
Ano de publicação:
2018
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Alemanha