Pharmacologic and Environmental Endocrine Disruptors in the Pathogenesis of Hypospadias: a Review.
Curr Environ Health Rep
; 5(4): 499-511, 2018 12.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-30578470
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) potentially have a role in causing hypospadias malformation through modifiable in-utero exposure. Considering the emerging literature on the role of potential endocrine disrupting substances on the occurrence of hypospadias and the potential to inform public health efforts to prevent the occurrence of these malformations, we have summarized the current literature, identified areas of consensus, and highlighted areas that warrant further investigation. RECENT FINDINGS:
Pharmaceuticals, such as diethylstilbestrol, progestin fertility treatments, corticosteroids, and valproic acid, have all been associated with hypospadias risk. Data on exposure to dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane and hexachlorobenzene pesticides, as well as non-persistent pollutants, particularly phthalates, is less consistent but still compelling. Improving exposure assessment, standardizing sample timing to relevant developmental windows, using clear case identification and classification schemes, and elucidating dose-response relationships with EDCs will help to provide clearer evidence. Promising directions for future research include identification of subgroups with genetic hypospadias risk factors, measurement of intermediate outcomes, and study of EDC mixtures that will more accurately represent the total fetal environment.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Exposição Ocupacional
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Exposição Ambiental
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Disruptores Endócrinos
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Hipospadia
Tipo de estudo:
Etiology_studies
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Prognostic_studies
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Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Female
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Humans
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Infant
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Male
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Pregnancy
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Curr Environ Health Rep
Ano de publicação:
2018
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Estados Unidos