Helix-loop-helix proteins and the advent of cellular diversity: 30 years of discovery.
Genes Dev
; 33(1-2): 6-25, 2019 01 01.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-30602438
Helix-loop-helix (HLH) proteins are dimeric transcription factors that control lineage- and developmental-specific gene programs. Genes encoding for HLH proteins arose in unicellular organisms >600 million years ago and then duplicated and diversified from ancestral genes across the metazoan and plant kingdoms to establish multicellularity. Hundreds of HLH proteins have been identified with diverse functions in a wide variety of cell types. HLH proteins orchestrate lineage specification, commitment, self-renewal, proliferation, differentiation, and homing. HLH proteins also regulate circadian clocks, protect against hypoxic stress, promote antigen receptor locus assembly, and program transdifferentiation. HLH proteins deposit or erase epigenetic marks, activate noncoding transcription, and sequester chromatin remodelers across the chromatin landscape to dictate enhancer-promoter communication and somatic recombination. Here the evolution of HLH genes, the structures of HLH domains, and the elaborate activities of HLH proteins in multicellular life are discussed.
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Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Evolução Molecular
Tipo de estudo:
Prognostic_studies
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Genes Dev
Assunto da revista:
BIOLOGIA MOLECULAR
Ano de publicação:
2019
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Estados Unidos