Inhalation toxicity of benzalkonium chloride and triethylene glycol mixture in rats.
Toxicol Appl Pharmacol
; 378: 114609, 2019 09 01.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-31173787
ABSTRACT
Benzalkonium chloride (BAC), a disinfectant, and triethylene glycol (TEG), an organic solvent/sanitizer, are frequently combined in commercially available household sprays. To assess the respiratory effect of this combination, Sprague-Dawley rats were exposed to an aerosol containing BAC (0.5%, w/v) and TEG (10%, w/v) for up to 2â¯weeks in a whole-body inhalation chamber. BAC (4.1-4.5â¯mg/m3, sprayed from 0.5% solution) promoted pulmonary cell damage and inflammation as depicted by the increase in total protein, lactate dehydrogenase, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, and macrophage inflammatory protein-2 in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, whereas TEG (85.3-94.5â¯mg/m3, sprayed from 10% solution) did not affect the lung. Rats exposed to the BAC/TEG mixture for 2â¯weeks showed severe respiratory symptoms (sneezing, wheezing, breath shortness, and chest tightness), but no lung damage or inflammation was observed. However, significant ulceration and degenerative necrosis were observed in the nasal cavities of rats repeatedly exposed to the BAC/TEG mixture. The mass median aerodynamic diameters of the aqueous, BAC, TEG and BAC/TEG aerosols were 1.24, 1.27, 3.11 and 3.24⯵m, respectively, indicating that TEG-containing aerosols have larger particles than those of the aqueous and BAC alone aerosols. These results suggest that the toxic effects of BAC and BAC/TEG aerosols on the different respiratory organs may be associated with the difference in particle diameter, since particle size is important in determining the deposition site of inhaled materials.
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Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Polietilenoglicóis
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Compostos de Benzalcônio
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Exposição por Inalação
Limite:
Animals
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Toxicol Appl Pharmacol
Ano de publicação:
2019
Tipo de documento:
Article