Cerebral organoids to unravel the mechanisms underlying malformations of human cortical development.
Semin Cell Dev Biol
; 111: 15-22, 2021 03.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-32741653
ABSTRACT
Genetic studies identified multiple mutations associated with malformations of cortical development (MCD) in humans. When analyzing the underlying mechanisms in non-human experimental models it became increasingly evident, that these mutations accumulate in genes, which functions evolutionary progressed from rodents to humans resulting in an incomplete reflection of the molecular and cellular alterations in these models. Human brain organoids derived from human pluripotent stem cells resemble early aspects of human brain development to a remarkable extent making them an attractive model to investigate MCD. Here we review how human brain organoids enable the generation of fundamental new insight about the underlying pathomechanisms of MCD. We show how phenotypic features of these diseases are reflected in human brain organoids and discuss challenges and future considerations but also limitations for the use of human brain organoids to model human brain development and associated disorders.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Organoides
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Córtex Cerebral
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Lisencefalia
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Heterotopia Nodular Periventricular
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Megalencefalia
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Microcefalia
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Proteínas do Tecido Nervoso
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Semin Cell Dev Biol
Assunto da revista:
EMBRIOLOGIA
Ano de publicação:
2021
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Alemanha