The Calcium Signaling Mechanisms in Arterial Smooth Muscle and Endothelial Cells.
Compr Physiol
; 11(2): 1831-1869, 2021 04 01.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-33792900
ABSTRACT
The contractile state of resistance arteries and arterioles is a crucial determinant of blood pressure and blood flow. Physiological regulation of arterial contractility requires constant communication between endothelial and smooth muscle cells. Various Ca2+ signals and Ca2+ -sensitive targets ensure dynamic control of intercellular communications in the vascular wall. The functional effect of a Ca2+ signal on arterial contractility depends on the type of Ca2+ -sensitive target engaged by that signal. Recent studies using advanced imaging methods have identified the spatiotemporal signatures of individual Ca2+ signals that control arterial and arteriolar contractility. Broadly speaking, intracellular Ca2+ is increased by ion channels and transporters on the plasma membrane and endoplasmic reticular membrane. Physiological roles for many vascular Ca2+ signals have already been confirmed, while further investigation is needed for other Ca2+ signals. This article focuses on endothelial and smooth muscle Ca2+ signaling mechanisms in resistance arteries and arterioles. We discuss the Ca2+ entry pathways at the plasma membrane, Ca2+ release signals from the intracellular stores, the functional and physiological relevance of Ca2+ signals, and their regulatory mechanisms. Finally, we describe the contribution of abnormal endothelial and smooth muscle Ca2+ signals to the pathogenesis of vascular disorders. © 2021 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 111831-1869, 2021.
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Sinalização do Cálcio
/
Células Endoteliais
Tipo de estudo:
Prognostic_studies
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Compr Physiol
Ano de publicação:
2021
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Estados Unidos