[Comprehensive ergonomics program for the reduction of musculoskeletal discomfort in computer user workers]. / Programa integral de ergonomía para la reducción de molestias musculoesqueléticas en trabajadores usuarios de computadora.

ABSTRACT

INTRODUCTION: Musculoskeletal complaints represent one of the main problems that affect the well-being and work performance of computer users demanding interventions with a comprehensive approach where workers actively participate. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of a comprehensive ergonomics program to reduce musculoskeletal discomfort and postural overload in computer user workers. METHODS: A quantitative study with an analytical approach and quasi-experimental design with independent groups was carried out during 3-month. 242 people participated, divided into 2 groups of 121 people each, who used a computer for more than 4h a day. The experimental group participated in the ergonomics program that included training, delivery of an informative leaflet on ergonomics in offices, adaptation of the workstation and a stretching exercise program. The control group received training and only once the information leaflet. A baseline measurement of musculoskeletal discomfort and postural overload was performed in both groups. At the end of 3months, a second data collection was carried out and compared with the baseline data. RESULTS: The ergonomics program significantly reduced the intensity of musculoskeletal discomfort in the different neck, shoulder and back segments (P<.05), but did not reduce the frequency of discomfort (P>.05). Furthermore, the program significantly reduced the level of postural overload (P<.05). CONCLUSION: The comprehensive ergonomics program was effective in reducing the intensity of musculoskeletal complaints and postural overload, but did not significantly reduce the frequency of musculoskeletal complaints.