The cryptic gonadotropin-releasing hormone neuronal system of human basal ganglia.
Elife
; 102021 06 15.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-34128468
ABSTRACT
Human reproduction is controlled by ~2000 hypothalamic gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons. Here, we report the discovery and characterization of additional ~150,000-200,000 GnRH-synthesizing cells in the human basal ganglia and basal forebrain. Nearly all extrahypothalamic GnRH neurons expressed the cholinergic marker enzyme choline acetyltransferase. Similarly, hypothalamic GnRH neurons were also cholinergic both in embryonic and adult human brains. Whole-transcriptome analysis of cholinergic interneurons and medium spiny projection neurons laser-microdissected from the human putamen showed selective expression of GNRH1 and GNRHR1 autoreceptors in the cholinergic cell population and uncovered the detailed transcriptome profile and molecular connectome of these two cell types. Higher-order non-reproductive functions regulated by GnRH under physiological conditions in the human basal ganglia and basal forebrain require clarification. The role and changes of GnRH/GnRHR1 signaling in neurodegenerative disorders affecting cholinergic neurocircuitries, including Parkinson's and Alzheimer's diseases, need to be explored.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Gânglios da Base
/
Hormônio Liberador de Gonadotropina
/
Neurônios
Limite:
Adult
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Female
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Humans
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Male
/
Middle aged
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Elife
Ano de publicação:
2021
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Hungria