Differences in healthiness perceptions of food and dietary patterns among the general public and nutrition experts: A cross-sectional online survey.

ABSTRACT

ISSUES ADDRESSED Diet quality plays a vital role in the prevention of prevalent non-communicable diseases; however, misperceptions of healthiness of common foods and beverages may be undermining Australians' attempts to maintain a healthy diet. The current study aimed to assess the extent and nature of differences in public and expert opinion in the foods, beverages and dietary patterns that are considered healthy. METHODS: A cross-sectional online survey of 1,097 Victorian adults aged 18-64 and 134 professional dietitians and nutritionists assessed healthiness perceptions of foods, beverages and dietary patterns, self-reported dietary patterns, and factors considered when making healthy choices. Differences in perceptions and dietary patterns between samples and by sex, socio-economic area and level of education were assessed using multivariable logistic regression. RESULTS: There were large discrepancies in which items the public and expert samples considered healthy. Females and those in high socio-economic areas tended to report healthiness perceptions that aligned with the expert sample to a greater degree than their counterparts. Personal judgement of products was important to both samples when making decisions about healthy choices. CONCLUSIONS: The public and expert samples differed greatly in healthiness perceptions with significant variation by demographics. SO WHAT? Well-funded, sustained public health campaigns are needed to provide the public with evidence-based health and nutrition information and combat persuasive, misleading messaging from popular media and marketing.