Novel insights into the pervasive role of RNA structure in post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression in plants.

RNA folding is an intrinsic property of RNA that serves a key role in every step of post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression, from RNA maturation to translation in plants. Recent developments of genome-wide RNA structure profiling methods have transformed research in this area enabling focus to shift from individual molecules to the study of tens of thousands of RNAs. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of recent advances in the field. We discuss these new insights of RNA structure functionality within the context of post-transcriptional regulation including mRNA maturation, translation, and RNA degradation in plants. Notably, we also provide an overview of how plants exhibit different RNA structures in response to environmental changes.