Roles of VGLUT2 and Dopamine/Glutamate Co-Transmission in Selective Vulnerability to Dopamine Neurodegeneration.
ACS Chem Neurosci
; 13(2): 187-193, 2022 01 19.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-34994539
Growing evidence has established that a subset of dopamine (DA) neurons co-release glutamate and express vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (VGLUT2). VGLUT2 expression in DA neurons plays a key role in selective vulnerability to DA neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease (PD). In this review, we summarize recent findings on impacts of VGLUT2 expression and glutamate co-release from DA neurons on selective DA neuron vulnerability. We present evidence that DA neuron VGLUT2 expression may be neuroprotective, boosting DA neuron resilience in the context of ongoing neurodegenerative processes in PD. We highlight genetic and pesticide models of PD that have provided mechanistic insights into selective DA neuron vulnerability. Finally, we discuss potential neuroprotective mechanisms, focusing on roles of VGLUT2 and glutamate in promoting mitochondrial health and diminishing oxidative stress and excitotoxicity. Elucidating these mechanisms may ultimately lead to more effective treatments to boost DA neuron resilience that can slow or even prevent DA neurodegeneration.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Doença de Parkinson
/
Dopamina
Tipo de estudo:
Prognostic_studies
Limite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
ACS Chem Neurosci
Ano de publicação:
2022
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Estados Unidos