Lower urinary tract symptoms are associated with clinically relevant depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms.

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the correlation between lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), erectile dysfunction (ED), and testosterone deficiency (TD) with depressive, stress, and anxiety symptoms. MATERIAL AND METHODS: From October 2019 to March 2020, 113 males were included. Inclusion criteria age 40-75, no clinical suspicion of prostate cancer, no serious cardiovascular comorbidities. All patients completed a set of questionnaires International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5), and Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21). RESULTS: Median age was 62 years (range 40-74), mean IPSS score was 10.94 (SD 7.75), mean IIEF-5 score 13.12 (SD 7.08), and mean DASS-21 score 11.35 (SD 8.24). According to DASS-21 subscales, 28 (24.8%) patients had depressive symptoms, 25 (22.1%) anxiety symptoms, and 25 (22.1%) stress symptoms. Depression was associated with LUTS (14.5 vs. 8 score, p = .002). Similarly, stress symptoms were associated with LUTS (IPSS 15 vs. 7 score, p = .0001) and with ED (IIEF-5 5 vs. 15 score, p = .01). Positive Spearman's rho correlations between LUTS and all three, depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms were found (p values <.001). CONCLUSIONS: LUTS is associated with depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms. Screening for these symptoms could help with individual counseling and management.