Dietary Risk Factors for Pediatric Kidney Stones: A Case-Control Study.
J Urol
; 208(2): 434-440, 2022 08.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-35377774
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE:
Data are scarce regarding dietary risk factors for pediatric nephrolithiasis. Our objective was to perform a case-control study (nonmatched) of the association of dietary nutrients with pediatric urolithiasis. MATERIALS ANDMETHODS:
We obtained dietary information from pediatric urolithiasis patients (from stone clinic in 2013-2016) and healthy controls (well-child visit at primary care in 2011-2012). Survey results were converted to standard nutrient intakes. Children younger than 5 years of age and those with extreme calorie intake values (<500 or >5,000 kcal/day) were excluded. The association of individual nutrients with urolithiasis was assessed by bivariate analysis results and machine-learning methods. A multivariable logistic regression model was fitted using urolithiasis as the outcome.RESULTS:
We included 285 patients (57 stones/228 controls). Mean±SD age was 8.9±3.6 years (range 5-20). Of the patients 47% were male. After adjusting for age, sex, body mass index (obese/overweight/normal), calorie intake and oxalate, urolithiasis was associated with higher dietary sodium (OR=2.43 [95% CI=1.40-4.84] per quintile increase, p=0.004), calcium (OR=1.73 [95% CI=1.07-3.00] per quintile increase, p=0.034) and beta carotene (OR=2.01 [95% CI=1.06-4.18] per quintile increase, p=0.042), and lower potassium (OR=0.31 [95% CI=0.13-0.63] per quintile increase, p=0.003). Sensitivity analysis was performed by removing oxalate from the model and limiting the sample to patients aged 5-13 years, with similar results.CONCLUSIONS:
In our cohort, higher dietary intake of calcium, sodium and beta carotene, and lower potassium intake were associated with pediatric urolithiasis. This is the first study using a detailed dietary survey to identify dietary risk factors for pediatric urolithiasis. Further research is warranted to delineate the mechanisms and to generate a lower risk diet profile for pediatric urolithiasis.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Cálculos Renais
/
Urolitíase
Tipo de estudo:
Etiology_studies
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Observational_studies
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Prognostic_studies
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Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Child
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Child, preschool
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Female
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Humans
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Male
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Urol
Ano de publicação:
2022
Tipo de documento:
Article