Estimation of Total Platelet Count From Peripheral Blood Smear Needs a Correction Factor.

ABSTRACT

Background Despite many advances in platelet counting by cell counters, the problem of falsely low or falsely high total platelet counts (TPC) is common. Many laboratories estimate platelet count on the peripheral smear to cross-check the platelet counts. However, due to the lack of a standard calculation method, discrepant results are obtained from different laboratories leading to confusion among clinicians. We aimed to formulate a standard estimation method for platelet count on peripheral smear. Methodology In the first step (in 100 blood samples), we determined the ratio of the TPC obtained by the automated cell counter and the total number of platelets per oil immersion field (filed size 0.22 mm) of the corresponding blood smears. The mean of the ratios thus obtained was designated as the "multiplication factor" to be used for visual platelet count estimation on the peripheral blood smear. In the subsequent step, validation of the same was done on another 100 samples. TPC on the peripheral smears of these samples was estimated using the above "multiplication factor" and compared with the corresponding TPC obtained on the automated cell counter. Results The "multiplication factor" obtained was 9.4 x 103 in the first set of 100 blood samples. It was used to estimate the platelet value of the second set of 100 blood samples. Conclusions We found an excellent agreement between the platelet counts obtained by automated cell counters and the estimation method. We suggest the multiplication factor 9.4 x 103 may be used with correction for microscopic field size to estimate platelet count on peripheral smears. This method is, however, not so reliable for very low platelet counts.