Dietary long-chain omega 3 fatty acids modify sphingolipid metabolism to facilitate airway hyperreactivity.
Sci Rep
; 12(1): 19735, 2022 11 17.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-36396956
ABSTRACT
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) are essential nutrients that can affect inflammatory responses. While n-3 PUFAs are generally considered beneficial for cardiovascular disease and obesity, the effects on asthma, the most common inflammatory lung disease are unclear. While prenatal dietary n-3 PUFAs decrease the risk for childhood wheezing, postnatal dietary n-3 PUFAs can worsen allergic airway inflammation. Sphingolipid metabolism is also affected by dietary n-3 PUFAs. Decreased sphingolipid synthesis leads to airway hyperreactivity, besides inflammation, a cardinal feature of asthma, and common genetic asthma risk alleles lead to lower sphingolipid synthesis. We investigated the effect of dietary n-3 PUFAs on sphingolipid metabolism and airway reactivity. Comparing a fish-oil diet with a high n-3 PUFA content (FO) to an isocaloric coconut oil-enriched diet (CO), we found an n-3 PUFA-dependent effect on increased airway reactivity, that was not accompanied by inflammation. Lung and whole blood content of dihydroceramides, ceramides, sphingomyelins, and glucosylceramides were lower in mice fed the n-3 PUFA enriched diet consistent with lower sphingolipid synthesis. In contrast, phosphorylated long chain bases such as sphingosine 1-phosphate were increased. These findings suggest that dietary n-3 PUFAs affect pulmonary sphingolipid composition to favor innate airway hyperreactivity, independent of inflammation, and point to an important role of n-3 PUFAs in sphingolipid metabolism.
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Asma
/
Ácidos Graxos Ômega-3
Limite:
Animals
/
Pregnancy
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Sci Rep
Ano de publicação:
2022
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Estados Unidos