High-Pressure Processing of Human Milk: A Balance between Microbial Inactivation and Bioactive Protein Preservation.
J Nutr
; 153(9): 2598-2611, 2023 09.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-37423385
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Donor human milk banks use Holder pasteurization (HoP; 62.5°C, 30 min) to reduce pathogens in donor human milk, but this process damages some bioactive milk proteins.OBJECTIVES:
We aimed to determine minimal parameters for high-pressure processing (HPP) to achieve >5-log reductions of relevant bacteria in human milk and how these parameters affect an array of bioactive proteins.METHODS:
Pooled raw human milk inoculated with relevant pathogens (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, Cronobacter sakazakii) or microbial quality indicators (Bacillus subtilis and Paenibacillus spp. spores) at 7 log CFU/mL was processed at 300-500 MPa at 16-19°C (due to adiabatic heating) for 1-9 min. Surviving microbes were enumerated using standard plate counting methods. For raw milk, and HPP-treated and HoP-treated milk, the immunoreactivity of an array of bioactive proteins was assessed via ELISA and the activity of bile salt-stimulated lipase (BSSL) was determined via a colorimetric substrate assay.RESULTS:
Treatment at 500 MPa for 9 min resulted in >5-log reductions of all vegetative bacteria, but <1-log reduction in B. subtilis and Paenibacillus spores. HoP decreased immunoglobulin A (IgA), immunoglobulin M (IgM), immunoglobulin G, lactoferrin, elastase and polymeric immunoglobulin receptor (PIGR) concentrations, and BSSL activity. The treatment at 500 MPa for 9 min preserved more IgA, IgM, elastase, lactoferrin, PIGR, and BSSL than HoP. HoP and HPP treatments up to 500 MPa for 9 min caused no losses in osteopontin, lysozyme, α-lactalbumin and vascular endothelial growth factor.CONCLUSION:
Compared with HoP, HPP at 500 MPa for 9 min provides >5-log reduction of tested vegetative neonatal pathogens with improved retention of IgA, IgM, lactoferrin, elastase, PIGR, and BSSL in human milk.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Lactoferrina
/
Leite Humano
Limite:
Humans
/
Newborn
Idioma:
En
Revista:
J Nutr
Ano de publicação:
2023
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Estados Unidos