Applying Rituximab During the Conditioning Regimen Prevents Epstein-Barr Virus Infection Following Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant in a Children's Cohort: A Retrospective Case-Control Study.
Infect Dis Ther
; 12(8): 2071-2086, 2023 Aug.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-37470925
ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION:
Since hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) is an important therapy for malignant and non-malignant pediatric diseases, improving transplant-related mortality remains a challenge. Currently, rituximab, a monoclonal antibody of anti-CD20, is widely used for several post-HSCT complications. However, few studies have focused on the application of rituximab before HSCT.METHODS:
We conducted a retrospective case-control study from January 2019 to July 2021 to determine this effect in a single center. Forty-eight patients were included in the rituximab group, with a one-to-one ratio matched to the control group.RESULTS:
Both the occurrence rate and cumulative incidence rate of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection were significantly lower in the rituximab group than in the without-rituximab group (10.4% vs. 33.3%, p = 0.014 and 12.2% vs. 39.3% p = 0.0026, respectively). Furthermore, without the application of rituximab was identified as a risk factor for post-HSCT EBV infection via both univariate [hazard ratio (HR) = 4.17, 95%CI (1.52-11.43), p = 0.005] and multivariate analyses [HR = 4.65, 95%CI (1.66-13.0), p = 0.003]. Although the overall survival (OS) probability of the rituximab group was comparable to the without-rituximab group, a markedly improved OS of the rituximab group was found in the malignant disease subgroup (78.9% vs. 42.1%, p = 0.032). The outcomes of graft-versus-host disease, neutrophil and platelet engraftment, other viral infections, and the reconstitution of lymphocytes showed no significant differences between the two groups.CONCLUSIONS:
The administration of rituximab before HSCT may prevent EBV infection following HSCT.
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Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Tipo de estudo:
Etiology_studies
/
Observational_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Infect Dis Ther
Ano de publicação:
2023
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
China