Changes in smoking status, amount of smoking and their relation to the risk of microvascular complications in men with diabetes mellitus.
Diabetes Metab Res Rev
; 39(8): e3697, 2023 11.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-37653691
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
Smoking is a definite risk factor for macrovascular complications in diabetes mellitus (DM). However, the effect of smoking on microvascular complications is inconclusive.METHOD:
Study participants were 26,673 diabetic men who received health check-up both in 2003-2004 and 2009, excluding women. Assessing smoking status (never, quitting and current) at 2003-2004 and 2009, changes in smoking status were categorised into 7 groups (never - never, never - quitting, never - current, quitting-quitting, quitting-current, current-quitting and current-current). Smoking amount was categorised into never, light (0-10 pack years), moderate (10-20 pack years), and heavy smoking (>20 pack years) based on 2009 data. They were followed-up until 2013 to identify incident microvascular complications. We calculated the adjusted hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) (adjusted HR [95% CI]) for incident microvascular complications according to changes in smoking status and smoking amount.RESULTS:
Current-quitting (1.271 [1.050-1.538]), current-current (1.243 [1.070-1.444]) and heavy smoking (1.238 [1.078-1.422]) were associated with an increased risk of overall microvascular complications. The risk of nephropathy increased in current-current smoking (1.429 [1.098-1.860]) and heavy smoking (1.357 [1.061-1.734]). An increased risk of neuropathy was observed in current-quitting smoking (1.360 [1.076-1.719]), current-current smoking (1.237 [1.025-1.492]) and heavy smoking (1.246 [1.048-1.481]). However, we couldn't see the interpretable findings for the association between smoking and retinopathy.CONCLUSIONS:
Lasting and heavy smoking increases the risk of microvascular complications, including nephropathy and neuropathy. Quitting smoking and reducing smoking amount are imperative in preventing microvascular complications in DM patients.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2
/
Angiopatias Diabéticas
Tipo de estudo:
Etiology_studies
/
Prognostic_studies
/
Risk_factors_studies
Limite:
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Diabetes Metab Res Rev
Assunto da revista:
ENDOCRINOLOGIA
/
METABOLISMO
Ano de publicação:
2023
Tipo de documento:
Article