[Interferon therapy for polycythemia vera].

ABSTRACT

The effectiveness of interferon (IFN) in patients with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) including polycythemia vera (PV) has been reported for more than three decades. However, because of its toxicity and tolerability, the use of IFN has been restricted. With the recent development of pegylated-IFN, the use of IFN has been highlighted again for effectively treating MPNs. Guidelines in Western countries recommend IFN as the first choice for cytoreduction alongside hydroxyurea, particularly for young and pregnant patients. Furthermore, a novel IFN, ropeginterferon alfa-2b, allows biweekly injection and exhibits durable high hematological and molecular responses leading to the approvement of its use in Western countries. Although IFN is not yet been approved for use against PV in Japan's National Health Insurance System as of February 2023, a phase 2 study has shown efficacy, safety, and tolerability of ropeginterferon alfa-2b in Japanese patients with PV, providing hope for future development.