Prevalence of anti-lymphocyte IgM autoantibodies driving complement activation in COVID-19 patients.
Front Immunol
; 15: 1352330, 2024.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38694513
ABSTRACT
Introduction:
COVID-19 patients can develop autoantibodies against a variety of secreted and membrane proteins, including some expressed on lymphocytes. However, it is unclear what proportion of patients might develop anti-lymphocyte antibodies (ALAb) and what functional relevance they might have.Methods:
We evaluated the presence and lytic function of ALAb in the sera of a cohort of 85 COVID-19 patients (68 unvaccinated and 17 vaccinated) assigned to mild (N=63), or moderate/severe disease (N=22) groups. Thirty-seven patients were followed-up after recovery. We also analyzed in vivo complement deposition on COVID-19 patients' lymphocytes and examined its correlation with lymphocyte numbers during acute disease.Results:
Compared with healthy donors (HD), patients had an increased prevalence of IgM ALAb, which was significantly higher in moderate/severe disease patients and persisted after recovery. Sera from IgM ALAb+ patients exhibited complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) against HD lymphocytes. Complement protein C3b deposition on patients' CD4 T cells was inversely correlated with CD4 T cell numbers. This correlation was stronger in moderate/severe disease patients.Discussion:
IgM ALAb and complement activation against lymphocytes may contribute to the acute lymphopenia observed in COVID-19 patients.Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Autoanticorpos
/
Imunoglobulina M
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Ativação do Complemento
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SARS-CoV-2
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COVID-19
Limite:
Adult
/
Aged
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Female
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Humans
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Male
/
Middle aged
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Front Immunol
Ano de publicação:
2024
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Estados Unidos