Prophylactic vaccination inducing anti-Env antibodies can result in protection against HTLV-1 challenge in macaques.
Mol Ther
; 32(7): 2328-2339, 2024 Jul 03.
Article
em En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-38734900
ABSTRACT
Human T cell leukemia/T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1) infection occurs by cell-to-cell transmission and can induce fatal adult T cell leukemia. Vaccine development is critical for the control of HTLV-1 transmission. However, determining whether vaccine-induced anti-Env antibodies can prevent cell-to-cell HTLV-1 transmission is challenging. Here, we examined the protective efficacy of a vaccine inducing anti-Env antibodies against HTLV-1 challenge in cynomolgus macaques. Eight of 10 vaccinated macaques produced anti-HTLV-1 neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) and were protected from an intravenous challenge with 108 HTLV-1-producing cells. In contrast, the 2 vaccinated macaques without NAb induction and 10 unvaccinated controls showed HTLV-1 infection with detectable proviral load after challenge. Five of the eight protected macaques were administered with an anti-CD8 monoclonal antibody, but proviruses remained undetectable and no increase in anti-HTLV-1 antibodies was observed even after CD8+ cell depletion in three of them. Analysis of Env-specific T cell responses did not suggest involvement of vaccine-induced Env-specific T cell responses in the protection. These results indicate that anti-Env antibody induction by vaccination can result in functionally sterile HTLV-1 protection, implying the rationale for strategies aimed at anti-Env antibody induction in prophylactic HTLV-1 vaccine development.
Palavras-chave
Texto completo:
1
Coleções:
01-internacional
Base de dados:
MEDLINE
Assunto principal:
Vírus Linfotrópico T Tipo 1 Humano
/
Infecções por HTLV-I
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Vacinação
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Anticorpos Neutralizantes
Limite:
Animals
/
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Mol Ther
Assunto da revista:
BIOLOGIA MOLECULAR
/
TERAPEUTICA
Ano de publicação:
2024
Tipo de documento:
Article
País de afiliação:
Japão