Retrospective Cohort Study on Delftia acidovorans Infections in Patients: A Rare and Significant Infection.

ABSTRACT

Background: In recent years, Delftia acidovorans has gained attention for its rare occurrence in patient infections. The literature consists mostly of case reports, necessitating further research to comprehensively understand risk factors, clinical characteristics, and management strategies. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study involving patients diagnosed with Delftia acidovorans infection at a tertiary teaching hospital between January 2014 and December 2022. The data included demographic details, comorbidities, bacterial cultures, antibiotic susceptibility, and treatment outcomes. Results: There were 26 patients diagnosed with Delftia acidovorans infection who were predominantly older with multiple comorbidities. Approximately 76.9% of Delftia acidovorans infection patients had polymicrobial infections. Twenty-one patients had received antibiotics within three months before they developed the Delftia acidovorans infection, and these antibiotics were primarily third-generation cephalosporins, glycopeptides and fluoroquinolones. Antibiotic susceptibility testing showed resistance to aminoglycosides and susceptibility to imipenem, meropenem, ceftazidime, and piperacillin/tazobactam. Treatment outcome showed a mortality rate of 11.5%, mainly in patients with malignancy and advanced age. Conclusion: Delftia acidovorans infections predominantly affect older patients with multiple comorbidities. In terms of antibiotic therapy, carbapenems, cephalosporins, and piperacillin/tazobactam with antipseudomonal activity could all be considered.