Kinetics of inactivation of bacteria responsible for infections in hospitals using UV-LED.

ABSTRACT

Controlling the microbial load in the environment is crucial to prevent the spread of organisms. The continuous spread of nosocomial infections in hospital facilities and the emergence of the coronavirus (COVID-19) highlighted the importance of disinfection processes in health safety. This work aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of LED-based disinfection lamps on bacteria from the ESKAPEE group and virus phage in vitro inactivation to be applied in hospital environments and health facilities disinfection. This study evaluated the effect of different UV wavelengths (275 nm, 280 nm (UVC), 310 nm (UVB) and 340 nm (UVA)) on the disinfection process of various microbial indicators including E. coli, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, B. subtilis and Bacteriophage lambda DSM 4499. Exposure time (5 min-30 min), exposure distance (0.25 m and 0.5 m) and surface materials (glass, steel, and polished wood) were evaluated on the disinfection efficiency. Furthermore, the study determined the recovery capacity of each species after UV damage. UVC-LED lamps could inactivate 99.99 % of microbial indicators after 20 min exposures at a 0.5 m distance. The exposure time needed to completely inactivate E. coli, S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, B. subtilis and Bacteriophage lambda DSM 4499 can be decreased by reducing the exposure distance. UVB-LED and UVA-LED lamps were not able to promote a log reduction of 4 and were not effective on B. subtilis or bacteriophage lambda DSM 4499 inactivation. Thus, only UVC-LED lamps were tested on the decontamination of different surface materials, which was successful. P. aeruginosa showed the ability to recover from UV damage, but its inactivation rate remains 99.99 %, and spores from B. subtilis were not completely inactivated. Nevertheless, the inactivation rate of these indicators remained at 99.99 % with 24 h incubation after UVC irradiation. UVC-LED lamps emitting 280 nm were the most indicated to disinfect surfaces from microorganisms usually found in hospital environments.