The Detrimental Effect of Type II Diabetes Mellitus on Infected Patients with COVID-19.

BACKGROUND: COVID-19 is no longer a global public health emergency, but it still affects numerous diseases and needs further research. Diabetic COVID-19 patients with major complications or intensive care had high mortality rates. This review provides pathophysiological descriptive data on diabetes mellitus type 2 and shows how COVID-19 infection in Saudi Arabia predicts disease severity and prognosis. METHODS: This review was conducted through online research on MEDLINE/PubMed databases, Scopus, and Web of Science based on links between COVID-19 and diabetes mellitus type 2 patients. By using the keywords 'COVID-19', 'diabetes', ' correlation', and impact on 'population' from December 2022 to February 2023. The full texts of the articles that were retrieved were accessed. RESULTS: The COVID-19 epidemic has affected the community, especially diabetics, and their daily life. According to our research on prior studies, most COVID-19 patients in Saudi Arabia had diabetes as a comorbidity. CONCLUSIONS: We underline the necessity of thorough study to better understand COVID-19 and its association with diabetes to design and implement evidence-based initiatives and policies in Saudi Arabia, where diabetes is a major health issue.

Retraction: Celiac Artery Compression Syndrome: A Rare Cause of Abdominal Angina.

[This retracts the article DOI: 10.7759/cureus.20011.].

Celiac Artery Compression Syndrome: A Rare Cause of Abdominal Angina.

Abdominal angina refers to an abdominal pain that develops shortly after food intake and gradually resolves after a few hours. It is related to insufficient mesenteric blood flow to meet the intestinal demand. In the majority of cases, this syndrome is caused by atherosclerotic narrowing of the mesenteric vessels. We report the case of a 61-year-old man, with a longstanding history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia, who presented to the emergency department with acute abdominal pain that was aggravated by food intake. The patient reported similar but milder episodes of this pain for the last three years that led him to lose significant weight because of fear of eating. Despite this classic history of abdominal angina, his condition was misdiagnosed as indigestion, and was offered symptomatic treatment only. The basic laboratory findings were within the normal limits. The patient underwent a contrast-enhanced abdominal computed tomography scan in the arterial phase which demonstrated focal proximal stenosis of the celiac trunk due to thickened median arcuate ligament. Subsequently, the median arcuate ligament was resected laparoscopically to decompress the celiac artery. The surgical operation resulted in the complete resolution of the abdominal pain. Celiac artery compression syndrome is a rare etiology of abdominal angina. Computed tomography angiography is the imaging study of choice to make the diagnosis accurately. Laparoscopic resection of the median arcuate ligament is a safe and successful approach in the management.