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1.
Environ Res ; 236(Pt 1): 116726, 2023 Nov 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37495062

RESUMEN

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a remarkable cytokine that plays an important role in regulating vascular formation during the angiogenesis process. Therefore, real-time detection and quantification of VEGF is essential for clinical diagnosis and treatment due to its overexpression in various tumors. Among various sensing strategies, the aptamer-based sensors in combination with biological molecules improve the detection ability VEGFs. Aptamers are suitable biological recognition agents for the preparation of sensitive and reproducible aptasensors (Apt-sensors) due to their low immunogenicity, simple and straightforward chemical modification, and high resistance to denaturation. Here, a summary of the strategies for immobilization of aptamers (e.g., direct or self-assembled monolayer (SAM) attachment, etc.) on different types of electrodes was provided. Moreover, we discussed nanoparticle deposition techniques and surface modification methods used for signal amplification in the detection of VEGF. Furthermore, we are investigating various types of optical and electrochemical Apt-sensors used to improve sensor characterization in the detection of VEGF biomarkers.

2.
Appl Opt ; 62(25): 6542-6552, 2023 Sep 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37706784

RESUMEN

In this study, a surface plasmon resonance biosensor using angular interrogation based on a black phosphorene (BP) and graphene (G) heterostructure as two-dimensional materials are designed to enhance the sensitivity of conventional biosensors. The proposed structure is composed of eight layers: FK51A coupling prism, silver (Ag) thin film as the plasmonic metal, gold (Au) nanolayer in a protective role, BP nanosheets as an evanescent field enhancer, G monolayer as an immobilization process facilitator, DNA aptamer as biorecognition element, and phosphate buffered saline as a running buffer and sensing medium. To evaluate the performance of the proposed biosensor, analytical parameters such as minimum reflectivity (R m i n ), sensitivity, as well as the full width at half-maximum (FWHM), detection accuracy (DA), and quality factor (QF) are systematically assessed by the use of the transfer matrix method analytically and the finite-difference time-domain method numerically, to validate each other. It is observed that the structure has been optimized with 1.49 (RIU) for the coupling prism and the heterostructure T i O 2/A g/A u/B P/G thicknesses of 65/35/1/3.18/0.34 nm, respectively. It was revealed that the proposed biosensor offered the sensitivity of 356 (°/RIU), QF of 42.4 (R I U -1), R m i n of 0.07 (a.u), FWHM of 8.3 (degree), and DA of 0.22 (unitless) and outperformed those of other results published up to now from the sensitivity point of view.

3.
Molecules ; 28(1)2023 Jan 03.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36615606

RESUMEN

Magnetic mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MMSNPs) are being widely investigated as multifunctional novel drug delivery systems (DDSs) and play an important role in targeted therapy. Here, magnetic cores were synthesized using the thermal decomposition method. Further, to improve the biocompatibility and pharmacokinetic behavior, mesoporous silica was synthesized using the sol-gel process to coat the magnetic cores. Subsequently, sunitinib (SUN) was loaded into the MMSNPs, and the particles were armed with amine-modified mucin 1 (MUC-1) aptamers. The MMSNPs were characterized using FT-IR, TEM, SEM, electrophoresis gel, DLS, and EDX. MTT assay, flow cytometry analysis, ROS assessment, and mitochondrial membrane potential analysis evaluated the nanoparticles' biological impacts. The physicochemical analysis revealed that the engineered MMSNPs have a smooth surface and spherical shape with an average size of 97.6 nm. The biological in vitro analysis confirmed the highest impacts of the targeted MMSNPs in MUC-1 overexpressing cells (OVCAR-3) compared to the MUC-1 negative MDA-MB-231 cells. In conclusion, the synthesized MMSNP-SUN-MUC-1 nanosystem serves as a unique multifunctional targeted delivery system to combat the MUC-1 overexpressing ovarian cancer cells.


Asunto(s)
Nanopartículas , Neoplasias Ováricas , Humanos , Femenino , Sunitinib , Línea Celular Tumoral , Apoptosis , Dióxido de Silicio/química , Mucina-1/genética , Espectroscopía Infrarroja por Transformada de Fourier , Nanopartículas/química , Sistemas de Liberación de Medicamentos/métodos , Fenómenos Magnéticos , Porosidad
4.
Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop ; 163(2): 148-153, 2023 Feb.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36396531

RESUMEN

INTRODUCTION: Bisphenol A (BPA) is a substance commonly used in dental materials with noxious properties. Monomers of this substance may be dissolved in the saliva and cause adverse effects. This study aimed to evaluate the amount of BPA released in the saliva after residual adhesive removal in orthodontic patients using an ultrasonic scaler (US) and tungsten carbide bur (TCB). METHODS: This single-center randomized clinical trial was conducted on 40 subjects whose stainless-steel brackets were bonded directly with light-cured bonding and composite. The subjects were randomly divided into 2 equal groups (n = 20) of TCB or US according to the adhesive removal method. The salivary BPA level was determined using high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. And adhesive cleaning time was measured by a stopwatch. Data were analyzed by SPSS using an independent t test and paired-samples t test (P <0.05). RESULTS: The mean salivary BPA level was significantly lower in the TCB method than in the US method. (1.008 ± 0.061 µg/mL and 2.83 ± 0.24 µg/mL, respectively) (P <0.001). The mean adhesive cleanup time was significantly shorter in the TCB method than in the US method (8.86 ± 0.83 minutes and 13.20±1.02 minutes, respectively) (P <0.001). CONCLUSIONS: According to the results, residual adhesive removal with TCB released less BPA in saliva and shortened the adhesive cleaning time than the US method. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The trial was registered at the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT20200702047988N1). PROTOCOL: The protocol was not published before trial commencement.


Asunto(s)
Recubrimiento Dental Adhesivo , Soportes Ortodóncicos , Humanos , Cementos Dentales/química , Cementos de Resina/análisis , Cementos de Resina/química , Saliva/química , Ultrasonido , Irán
5.
J Microencapsul ; 39(4): 394-408, 2022 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35748819

RESUMEN

The use of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) in biomedical applications has been wildly opted due to their unique properties. Here, we designed MNPs loaded with erlotinib (ERL/SPION-Val-PEG) and conjugated them with anti-mucin16 (MUC16) aptamer to introduce new image-guided nanoparticles (NPs) for targeted drug delivery as well as non-invasive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents. Also, the combination of our nanosystem (NS) along with L-Asparaginase (L-ASPN) led to synergistic effects in terms of reducing cell viability in ovarian cancer cells, which could suggest a novel combination therapy. The mean size of our NS was about 63.4 ± 3.4 nm evaluated by DLS analysis and its morphology was confirmed using TEM. Moreover, the functional groups, as well as magnetic properties of our NS, were examined by FT-IR and VSM tests, respectively. The loading efficacy of erlotinib on MNPs was about 80% and its release reached 70.85% over 7 days in the pH value of 5.4. The MR images and flow cytometry results revealed that the cellular uptake of ERL/SPION-Val-PEG-MUC16 NPs in cells with MUC16 overexpression was considerably higher than unarmed NPs. In addition, T2-weight MR images of ovarian cancer-bearing mice indicated significant signal intensity changes at the tumour site 4 h after intravenous injection compared to the non-target MNPs. Our data suggest ERL/SPION-Val-PEG NPs as an image-guided co-drug delivery system for ovarian cancer.


Asunto(s)
Nanopartículas de Magnetita , Nanopartículas , Neoplasias Ováricas , Animales , Asparaginasa , Línea Celular Tumoral , Sistemas de Liberación de Medicamentos/métodos , Clorhidrato de Erlotinib/química , Clorhidrato de Erlotinib/farmacología , Femenino , Humanos , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Nanopartículas de Magnetita/química , Ratones , Nanopartículas/química , Neoplasias Ováricas/tratamiento farmacológico , Espectroscopía Infrarroja por Transformada de Fourier
6.
J Microencapsul ; 38(7-8): 472-485, 2021.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34511038

RESUMEN

AIM: This research aims to develop potential therapeutic nanostructures (NSs) encapsulating metformin (MET) and erlotinib (ER) for combinational therapy in breast cancer. METHODS: The ER and MET, both were loaded on mesoporous silica magnetic nanoparticles conjugated with polyethylene glycol and methotrexate to achieve targeted NSs. The developed NSs were characterised using SEM, DLS, and FTIR. Afterward, MTT, Trypan blue, and DNA extraction assays were operated for biological evaluations in the 2D and 3D MCF-7 cells. RESULTS: Physicochemical approaches indicated the mean diameter of 69.4 nm ± 9.5 (PDI = 0.64), and neutral charge (2 mv) for the developed NSs. MET and ER-loaded NSs exhibited 62.56% ± 4.41 and 67.73% ± 3.03 drug release amount in pH = 5.4, respectively. MTT assay revealed that ER- and MET-loaded NSs had less metabolic activity (≈ 20%) in comparison with non-targeted NSs. CONCLUSION: Overall, our combined ER and MET-loaded targeted NSs result in a synergistic inhibitory impact on MCF-7 cells.


Asunto(s)
Nanopartículas de Magnetita , Metformina , Nanopartículas , Doxorrubicina , Sistemas de Liberación de Medicamentos , Clorhidrato de Erlotinib/farmacología , Humanos , Células MCF-7 , Metformina/farmacología , Porosidad , Dióxido de Silicio
7.
Int J Mol Sci ; 22(9)2021 Apr 27.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33925632

RESUMEN

The implication of 'theranostic' refers to targeting an identical receptor for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, by the same radioligand, simultaneously or separately. In regard to extensive efforts, many considerable theranostic tracers have been developed in recent years. Emerging evidence strongly demonstrates the tendency of nuclear medicine towards therapies based on a diagnosis. This review is focused on the examples of targeted radiopharmaceuticals for the imaging and therapy of breast cancer.


Asunto(s)
Neoplasias de la Mama/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias de la Mama/radioterapia , Medicina de Precisión/métodos , Diagnóstico por Imagen/métodos , Humanos , Medicina Nuclear/métodos , Medicina Nuclear/tendencias , Medicina de Precisión/tendencias , Cintigrafía/métodos , Radiofármacos/uso terapéutico , Nanomedicina Teranóstica/métodos , Nanomedicina Teranóstica/tendencias
8.
J Cell Biochem ; 121(2): 1388-1399, 2020 02.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31512793

RESUMEN

Micro RNAs (miRNAs) show a considerable promise as a therapeutic agent for combination therapy of colorectal cancer (CRC). Given that, the current study was purposed to explore the potential therapeutic role and underlying mechanism of miR-193a as a promising tumor suppressor in human CRC cell lines in combination with Taxol. Therefore, HT-29 cells with the lowest expression levels of miR-193a were treated with miR-193a mimics and Taxol, separately or in combination. Functional analyses showed that the combination therapy inhibited migration and colony formation of HT-29 cells and arrested the cell cycle at the G1 phase. Moreover, treatment with Taxol reduced cell survival with an increase in mRNA expression of metastasis-related genes caspase-3 and caspase-9, whereas miR-193a transfection alone didn't significantly influence cell viability and apoptosis induction. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction results also revealed that miR-193a replacement decreased the expression levels of c-Myc, MMP-9, vimentin, and ROCK in treatment groups compared to the controls. Therefore, it could be concluded miR-193a inactivates cell migration via suppression of metastasis pathways in CRC and through downregulation of c-Myc, acts as a negative regulator of cell cycle and growth. Then, our findings imply that miR-193a replacement combined with Taxol chemotherapy could be considered as a new potential therapeutic approach for improvement of CRC treatment.


Asunto(s)
Biomarcadores de Tumor/metabolismo , Neoplasias Colorrectales/terapia , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica , MicroARNs/administración & dosificación , Paclitaxel/farmacología , Antineoplásicos Fitogénicos/farmacología , Apoptosis , Biomarcadores de Tumor/genética , Proliferación Celular , Neoplasias Colorrectales/genética , Neoplasias Colorrectales/metabolismo , Neoplasias Colorrectales/patología , Terapia Combinada , Humanos , MicroARNs/genética , Células Tumorales Cultivadas
9.
Drug Dev Ind Pharm ; 43(8): 1244-1253, 2017 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28323493

RESUMEN

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with sensitizing mutations in the exons 18-21 of the epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene show increased kinase activity of EGFR. Hence, tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) such as erlotinib (ETB) have commonly been used as the second line therapeutic option for the treatment of metastatic NSCLC. While the ETB is available as an oral dosage form, the local delivery of this TKI to the diseased cells of the lung may ameliorate its therapeutic impacts. In the current study, we report on the development of ETB-loaded solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN) based formulation of dry powder inhaler (ETB-SLN DPI). ETB-SLNs were formulated using designated amount of compritol/poloxamer 407. The engineered ETB-SLNs showed sub-100 nm spherical shape with an encapsulation efficiency of 78.21%. MTT assay and DAPI staining revealed that the ETB-SLNs enhanced the cytotoxicity of cargo drug molecules in the human alveolar adenocarcinoma epithelial A549 cells as a model for NSCLC. To attain the ETB-SLN DPI, the ETB-SLNs were efficiently spray dried into microparticles (1-5 µm) along with mannitol. The ETB-SLN DPI powder displayed suitable flowability and aerodynamic traits. The Carr's Index, Hausner ratio and Next Generation Impactor (NGI) analyses confirmed deep inhalation pattern of the formulation. Based on these findings, we propose the ETB-SLN DPI as a promising treatment modality for the NSCLC patients.


Asunto(s)
Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/tratamiento farmacológico , Sistemas de Liberación de Medicamentos/métodos , Inhaladores de Polvo Seco/métodos , Clorhidrato de Erlotinib/administración & dosificación , Clorhidrato de Erlotinib/farmacología , Lípidos/química , Neoplasias Pulmonares/tratamiento farmacológico , Nanopartículas/química , Administración por Inhalación , Línea Celular Tumoral , Química Farmacéutica , Inhaladores de Polvo Seco/instrumentación , Clorhidrato de Erlotinib/química , Humanos
10.
Curr Radiopharm ; 2024 Jul 19.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39039681

RESUMEN

Dementia (the most common cause of Alzheimer's disease) is defined as a chronic or progressive syndrome with disturbance of multiple cortical functions, the most important of them including memory, learning capacity, comprehension, orientation, calculation, language, and judgement. These cognitive impairments affect the quality of life, behavior, and social relations. Techniques of nuclear medicine provide feasible ways to record the intracellular alterations of disease and deficiencies. In these non-invasive manners, the hippocampal-neocortical disconnection may partly explain the hypo-metabolism incident found in Alzheimer's disease. Based on this fact, the study of all these mechanisms of action is conceivable and achievable by radiopharmaceuticals. This review is aimed at the presentation of radiopharmaceuticals that are developed for the detection of Alzheimer's disease in preclinical and clinical trials.

11.
Int J Biol Macromol ; 241: 124573, 2023 Jun 30.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37100325

RESUMEN

Recent trends in bone tissue engineering have focused on the development of biomimetic constructs with appropriate mechanical and physiochemical properties. Here, we report the fabrication of an innovative biomaterial scaffold based on a new bisphosphonate-containing synthetic polymer combined with gelatin. To this end, zoledronate (ZA)-functionalized polycaprolactone (PCL-ZA) was synthesized by a chemical grafting reaction. After adding gelatin to the PCL-ZA polymer solution, the porous PCL-ZA/gelatin scaffold was fabricated by the freeze-casting method. A scaffold with aligned pores and a porosity of 82.04 % was obtained. During in vitro biodegradability test, 49 % of its initial weight lost after 5 weeks. The elastic modulus of the PCL-ZA/gelatin scaffold was 31.4 MPa, and its tensile strength was 4.2 MPa. Based on the results of MTT assay, the scaffold had good cytocompatibility with human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hADMSCs). Furthermore, cells grown in PCL-ZA/gelatin scaffold showed the highest mineralization and ALP activity compared to other test groups. Results of the RT-PCR test revealed that RUNX2, COL 1A1, and OCN genes were expressed in PCL-ZA/gelatin scaffold at the highest level, suggesting its good osteoinductive capacity. These results revealed that PCL-ZA/gelatin scaffold could be considered a proper biomimetic platform for bone tissue engineering.


Asunto(s)
Células Madre Mesenquimatosas , Andamios del Tejido , Humanos , Andamios del Tejido/química , Osteogénesis , Gelatina/química , Difosfonatos , Ingeniería de Tejidos/métodos , Poliésteres/química , Diferenciación Celular , Polímeros , Ácido Zoledrónico
12.
Life Sci ; 329: 121970, 2023 Sep 15.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37481033

RESUMEN

Cancer cells are surrounded by a complex and highly dynamic tumor microenvironment (TME). Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), a critical component of TME, contribute to cancer cell proliferation as well as metastatic spread. CAFs express a variety of biomarkers, which can be targeted for detection and therapy. Most importantly, CAFs express high levels of fibroblast activation protein (FAP) which contributes to progression of cancer, invasion, metastasis, migration, immunosuppression, and drug resistance. As a consequence, FAP is an attractive theranostic target. In this review, we discuss the latest advancement in targeting FAP in oncology using theranostic biomarkers and imaging modalities such as single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), positron emission tomography (PET), computed tomography (CT), fluorescence imaging, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).


Asunto(s)
Fibroblastos Asociados al Cáncer , Neoplasias , Humanos , Serina Endopeptidasas/metabolismo , Medicina de Precisión , Proteínas de la Membrana/metabolismo , Neoplasias/terapia , Fibroblastos Asociados al Cáncer/metabolismo , Fibroblastos/metabolismo , Microambiente Tumoral
13.
Bioimpacts ; 13(3): 255-267, 2023.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37431477

RESUMEN

Introduction: Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNPs) are considered innovative multifunctional structures for targeted drug delivery owing to their outstanding physicochemical characteristics. Methods: MSNPs were fabricated using the sol-gel method, and polyethylene glycol-600 (PEG600) was used for MSNPs modification. Subsequently, sunitinib (SUN) was loaded into the MSNPs, MSNP-PEG and MSNP-PEG/SUN were grafted with mucin 16 (MUC16) aptamers. The nanosystems (NSs) were characterized using FT-IR, TEM, SEM, DLS, XRD, BJH, and BET. Furthermore, the biological impacts of MSNPs were evaluated on the ovarian cancer cells by MTT assay and flow cytometry analysis. Results: The results revealed that the MSNPs have a spherical shape with an average dimension, pore size, and surface area of 56.10 nm, 2.488 nm, and 148.08 m2g-1, respectively. The cell viability results showed higher toxicity of targeted MSNPs in MUC16 overexpressing OVCAR-3 cells as compared to the SK-OV-3 cells; that was further confirmed by the cellular uptake results. The cell cycle analysis exhibited that the induction of sub-G1 phase arrest mostly occurred in MSNP-PEG/SUN-MUC16 treated OVCAR-3 cells and MSNP-PEG/SUN treated SK-OV-3 cells. DAPI staining showed apoptosis induction upon exposure to targeted MSNP in MUC16 positive OVCAR-3 cells. Conclusion: According to our results, the engineered NSs could be considered an effective multifunctional targeted drug delivery platform for the mucin 16 overexpressing cells.

14.
Life Sci ; 328: 121917, 2023 Sep 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37422069

RESUMEN

Cell therapy has reached significant milestones in various life-threatening diseases, including cancer. Cell therapy using fluorescent and radiolabeled chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell is a successful strategy for diagnosing or treating malignancies. Since cell therapy approaches have different results in cancers, the success of hematological cancers has yet to transfer to solid tumor therapy, leading to more casualties. Therefore, there are many areas for improvement in the cell therapy platform. Understanding the therapeutic barriers associated with solid cancers through cell tracking and molecular imaging may provide a platform for effectively delivering CAR-T cells into solid tumors. This review describes CAR-T cells' role in treating solid and non-solid tumors and recent advances. Furthermore, we discuss the main obstacles, mechanism of action, novel strategies and solutions to overcome the challenges from molecular imaging and cell tracking perspectives.


Asunto(s)
Neoplasias , Receptores Quiméricos de Antígenos , Humanos , Inmunoterapia Adoptiva/métodos , Medicina de Precisión , Neoplasias/patología , Linfocitos T , Microambiente Tumoral
15.
Mol Imaging Biol ; 25(3): 464-482, 2023 06.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36517729

RESUMEN

The tumor microenvironment (TME) play critical roles in tumor survival, progression, and metastasis and can be considered potential targets for molecular imaging of cancer. The targeting agents for imaging of TME components (e.g., fibroblasts, mesenchymal stromal cells, immune cells, extracellular matrix, blood vessels) provide a promising strategy to target these biomarkers for the early diagnosis of cancers. Moreover, various cancer types have similar tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) features that targeting those biomarkers and offer clinically translatable molecular imaging of cancers. In this review, we categorize and summarize the components in TME which have been targeted for molecular imaging. Moreover, this review updated the recent progress in targeted imaging of TIME biological molecules by various modalities for the early detection of cancer.


Asunto(s)
Células Madre Mesenquimatosas , Neoplasias , Humanos , Microambiente Tumoral , Neoplasias/diagnóstico , Neoplasias/patología , Imagen Molecular , Células Madre Mesenquimatosas/patología , Fibroblastos
16.
Life Sci ; 307: 120898, 2022 Oct 15.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35987340

RESUMEN

Mitochondria are critical multifunctional organelles in cells that generate power, produce reactive oxygen species, and regulate cell survival. Mitochondria that are dysfunctional are eliminated via mitophagy as a way to protect cells under moderate stress and physiological conditions. However, mitophagy is a double-edged sword and can trigger cell death under severe stresses. By targeting mitochondria, photodynamic (PD) and photothermal (PT) therapies may play a role in treating cancer. These therapeutic modalities alter mitochondrial membrane potential, thereby affecting respiratory chain function and generation of reactive oxygen species promotes signaling pathways for cell death. In this regard, PDT, PTT, various mitochondrion-targeting agents and therapeutic methods could have exploited the vital role of mitochondria as the doorway to regulated cell death. Targeted mitochondrial therapies would provide an excellent opportunity for effective mitochondrial injury and accurate tumor erosion. Herein, we summarize the recent progress on the roles of PD and PT treatments in regulating cancerous cell death in relation to mitochondrial targeting and the signaling pathways involved.


Asunto(s)
Neoplasias , Fotoquimioterapia , Humanos , Mitocondrias/metabolismo , Neoplasias/tratamiento farmacológico , Fármacos Fotosensibilizantes/farmacología , Fármacos Fotosensibilizantes/uso terapéutico , Terapia Fototérmica , Especies Reactivas de Oxígeno/metabolismo
17.
Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther ; 37: 102697, 2022 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34936918

RESUMEN

Light-mediated therapies, including photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT) have been exploited as minimally invasive techniques for ablation of various tumors., Both modalities may eradicate tumors with minimal side effects to normal tissues and organs. Moreover, developments of light-mediated approaches using nanoparticles (NPs) and photosensitizer (PS) as diagnostic and therapeutic agents may have a crucial role in achieving successful cancer treatment. In recent years, novel nanoplatforms and strategies have been investigated to boost the therapeutic effect.. In this regard, gold, iron oxide, graphene oxide nanoparticles and hybrid nanocomposites have attracted attention.. Moreover, the combination of these materials with PS, in the form of hybrid NPs, reduces in vitro and in vivo normal tissue cytotoxicity, improves their solubility property in the biological environment and enhances the therapeutic effects. In this review, we look into the basic principles of PTT and PDT with their strengths and limitations to treat cancers. We also will discuss light-based nanoparticles and their PTT and PDT applications in the preclinical and clinical translation. Also, recent advances and trends in this field will be discussed along with the clinical challenges of PTT and PDT.


Asunto(s)
Nanopartículas , Fotoquimioterapia , Oro/uso terapéutico , Nanopartículas/uso terapéutico , Fotoquimioterapia/métodos , Fármacos Fotosensibilizantes/uso terapéutico , Fototerapia
18.
Life Sci ; 298: 120499, 2022 Jun 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35346674

RESUMEN

Breast cancer (BC) has different clinical manifestations due to its diverse mechanism of action that has created many challenges to choosing appropriate treatment. Recent findings of the biology of breast cancer including the mechanisms of survival and metastasis, understanding the effective signaling pathways in tumor formation and modeling of cancer cell responses to the therapeutic approaches provided significant advances in BC treatment. In this regard, the use of phototherapy-based approaches such as photothermal therapy (PTT) would be an encouraging alternative for tumor suppression through activating autophagy or suppressing cell signaling that influences the cell cycle to induce cell death. Since autophagy has a dual opposite role consisting of pro-survival and growth inhibition in breast cancer microenvironments, the regulation of autophagy would be playing promising roles in the treatment of BC using PTT. This review updates the molecular mechanisms that PTT could evoke autophagic cell death in breast cancer. Moreover, this article provides insights into the biological effects of autophagy-targeted-PTT as a promising strategy for breast cancer therapy.


Asunto(s)
Neoplasias de la Mama , Nanopartículas , Autofagia , Neoplasias de la Mama/patología , Neoplasias de la Mama/terapia , Línea Celular Tumoral , Femenino , Humanos , Fototerapia , Terapia Fototérmica , Microambiente Tumoral
19.
Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces ; 211: 112284, 2022 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34952284

RESUMEN

The development of highly bioactive engineered scaffolds is required to promote bone regeneration and the success of bone tissue engineering treatment approaches. This study attempts to fabricate a biofunctional magnetic scaffold based on new phosphorylated polycaprolactone combined with gelatin (MNPs-PCL-P/gelatin). Phosphorylated polymer and magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) were synthesized and characterized by NMR, FT-IR, TEM, and DLS instruments. The synthetic polymer, MNPs, and biopolymer were mixed then freeze-dried to prepare a porous scaffold. Physiochemical assessments showed that a scaffold with well-developed porous morphology, and stable structure was obtained. MNPs-PCL-P/gelatin scaffold had no toxicity on human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). The use of phosphorous-containing polymer resulted in improvement of the scaffold's osteoconductivity to support proper cell attachment and promote cell proliferation. Phosphate group by mimicking function of bone phosphate groups stimulate bone mineralization that reflected by alizarin red S staining assay. The presence of MNPs resulted in higher ALP activity and increased expression level of RUNX2, BMP2 osteogenic biomarkers. Also, phosphorylation enhanced osteoinductivity of scaffold and upregulate RUNX2, BMP2, COL1A1, and OCN genes in phosphors-containing scaffold test groups. It seems that biocompatible MNPs-PCL-P/gelatin scaffold possesses the potential of applications in bone tissue engineering.


Asunto(s)
Ingeniería de Tejidos , Andamios del Tejido , Regeneración Ósea , Diferenciación Celular , Proliferación Celular , Células Cultivadas , Humanos , Fenómenos Magnéticos , Osteogénesis/fisiología , Poliésteres/química , Espectroscopía Infrarroja por Transformada de Fourier , Andamios del Tejido/química
20.
Int J Biol Macromol ; 207: 592-610, 2022 May 15.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35296439

RESUMEN

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) as biological macromolecules have been remarked the large and growing pipline of the pharmaceutical market and also the most promising tool in modern medicine for cancer therapy. These therapeutic entities, which consist of whole mAbs, armed mAbs (i.e., antibody-toxin conjugates, antibody-drug conjugates, and antibody-radionuclide conjugates), and antibody fragments, mostly target tumor cells. However, due to intrinsic heterogeneity of cancer diseases, tumor cells targeting mAb have been encountered with difficulties in their unpredictable efficacy as well as variability in remission and durable clinical benefits among cancer patients. To address these pitfalls, the area has undergone two major evolutions with the intent of minimizing anti-drug responses and addressing limitations experienced with tumor cell-targeted therapies. As a novel hallmark of cancer, the tumor microenvironment (TME) is becoming the great importance of attention to develop innovative strategies based on therapeutic mAbs. Here, we underscore innovative strategies targeting TME by mAbs which destroy tumor cells indirectly through targeting vasculature system (e.g., anti-angiogenesis), immune system modulation (i.e., stimulation, suppression, and depletion), the targeting and blocking of stroma-based growth signals (e.g., cancer-associated fibroblasts), and targeting cancer stem cells, as well as, their effector mechanisms, clinical uses, and relevant mechanisms of resistance.


Asunto(s)
Antineoplásicos Inmunológicos , Inmunoconjugados , Neoplasias , Anticuerpos Monoclonales/uso terapéutico , Humanos , Inmunoterapia , Neoplasias/tratamiento farmacológico , Microambiente Tumoral
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