RESUMEN
Several studies have associated acromegaly with an increased risk of benign and malignant tumors. While simple and multinodular goiters are common findings in acromegaly, the prevalence of thyroid cancer is uncertain. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of thyroid cancer in a series of acromegalic patients from three hospitals in northeast of Brazil. The methodology used included morphological, cytological and histological thyroid analysis of acromegalic patients and volunteers over 18 years, matched for age and sex and with nodule (s) ≥1 cm. The subjects of this study were 124 acromegalic patients, including 76 females (61.3%) and 48 men (38.7%), with a mean age 45.1 years. Results of the study showed that thyroid ultrasonography was normal in 31 cases (25%), 25 had diffuse goiter (20.1%), 67 had nodules (54%) and one agenesis of the right lobe (0.8%). Thirty-six patients underwent fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) of their nodules and 9 cases of papillary cancer were found (7.2%). The control group consisted of 263 subjects, 156 females (59.3%) and 107 males (40.7%), mean age 44.7 years. In ultrasound assessment, 96 had nodules (36.5%). Of these, 13 were punctured and 2 cases of papillary carcinoma were found (0.7%). These results gave an odds ratio of 10.21 (p = 0.0011, 95% CI 2.17 to 48.01). These findings demonstrate an increased prevalence of thyroid cancer, statistically significant when compared to our control group. Thus, it is suggested that acromegalic patients should be routinely submitted to thyroid ultrasound evaluation, followed by FNAB of nodules when indicated.
Asunto(s)
Acromegalia/epidemiología , Neoplasias de la Tiroides/epidemiología , Acromegalia/complicaciones , Acromegalia/diagnóstico , Adulto , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neoplasias de la Tiroides/diagnóstico , Neoplasias de la Tiroides/etiologíaRESUMEN
Acromegaly is a metabolic disorder caused by increased growth hormone (GH) secretion. Common oral features are prognatism, increased interdental spaces, macroglosia, and dental mobility. However, not much is known about the periodontal status of acromegalics. The periodontal status of 16 acromegalic subjects was investigated and compared with 20 controls (similar socioeconomic profile and age). Periodontal probing, followed by the assessment of gingival overgrowth, tooth loss and mobility, and malocclusion was performed. Acromegalic patients' did not present periodontitis and all of them had complete absence of periodontal pockets, while 50% of the control group presented periodontitis. All acromegalic patients presented dental mobility degree 1, mainly in the anterior inferior teeth. Malocclusion (100%) and diastemas (93.75%) were also present in these patients. It was concluded that acromegalic patients may be less prone to periodontal diseases than control subjects.
Asunto(s)
Acromegalia/complicaciones , Periodontitis , Adulto , Anciano , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Estudios Transversales , Complicaciones de la Diabetes , Susceptibilidad a Enfermedades , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Periodontitis/inmunología , Pérdida de Diente/complicaciones , Movilidad Dentaria/complicacionesRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Alarm reaction to clinical blood pressure (BP) measurement, defined white-coat effect (WCE), can cause overestimation of true BP values. AIM: To assess whether ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) can similarly affect BP values during the initial hours of recording. METHODS: In 420 ABPMs selected for a first systolic BP (SBP) reading at least 10 mmHg higher than the mean daytime SBP, we calculated mean diurnal and 24 h SBP with and without the exclusion of the two first hours of recording defined as the WCE window (WCEw). We also calculated the magnitude and duration of WCE. These analyses were also performed separately in patients off anti-hypertensive treatment (n = 156), and on treatment with and without the inclusion of beta-blockers (respectively n = 113 and 151). RESULTS: Exclusion of WCEw period reduced mean diurnal and 24 h SBP respectively from 135 ± 0.5 to 133 ± 0.5 (p < 0.01) and from 131 ± 0.5 to 130 ± 0.5 (p < 0.02). As a result the percentage of patients diagnosed as having diurnal or 24 h hypertension was reduced respectively from 48 to 40 % and from 52 to 47 %. The magnitude of WCEw was similar in both genders but the duration was longer in females (66 ± 2 vs. 56 ± 2 min, p < 0.01). Treatment with beta-blockers was associated with a shorter duration of WCE in both genders but this effect was statistically significant only in males. CONCLUSIONS: In some patients ABPM is not free from WCE. WCE may affect the overall estimation of BP profile and is longer but less blunted by beta-blockers in females than in males.
Asunto(s)
Antagonistas Adrenérgicos beta/uso terapéutico , Antihipertensivos/uso terapéutico , Monitoreo Ambulatorio de la Presión Arterial , Presión Sanguínea/efectos de los fármacos , Hipertensión de la Bata Blanca/tratamiento farmacológico , Ritmo Circadiano , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de Riesgo , Factores Sexuales , Factores de Tiempo , Resultado del Tratamiento , Hipertensión de la Bata Blanca/diagnóstico , Hipertensión de la Bata Blanca/fisiopatología , Hipertensión de la Bata Blanca/psicologíaAsunto(s)
Presión Sanguínea , Emociones , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/etiología , Estrés Psicológico/complicaciones , Hipertensión de la Bata Blanca/etiología , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Antihipertensivos/uso terapéutico , Presión Sanguínea/efectos de los fármacos , Monitoreo Ambulatorio de la Presión Arterial/efectos adversos , Monitoreo Ambulatorio de la Presión Arterial/instrumentación , Monitores de Presión Sanguínea , Enfermedad Crítica , Femenino , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/diagnóstico , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/fisiopatología , Humanos , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Edema Pulmonar/etiología , Edema Pulmonar/fisiopatología , Factores de Riesgo , Estrés Psicológico/psicología , Factores de Tiempo , Resultado del Tratamiento , Hipertensión de la Bata Blanca/diagnóstico , Hipertensión de la Bata Blanca/tratamiento farmacológico , Hipertensión de la Bata Blanca/fisiopatologíaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the influence of IGF-I and testosterone on the lipid profile and glycemia in acromegalic men. METHODS: Fifteen acromegalic men were studied. RESULTS: The hypogonadic patients presented lower HDL-c and higher tryglicerides, LDL-c, glycemia, GH and IGF-I. Serum IGF-I was inversely correlated with HDL-c (r = - 0.57, p = 0.04) and directly with TG (r = 0.62, p = 0.01) and glycemia (r = 0.66, p = 0.008), whereas serum testosterone correlated directly with HDL-c (r = 0.52, p = 0.05) and inversely with TG (r = - 0.57, p = 0.02), LDL-c (r = - 0.53, p = 0.04) and fasting blood glucose (r = - 0.54, p = 0.03). IGF-I and testosterone were inversely correlated (r = - 0.585, p = 0.028). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the most important intervention in reducing cardiovascular risk in these patients is to control the activity of the disease.
Asunto(s)
Acromegalia/sangre , Glucemia/biosíntesis , Hipogonadismo/sangre , Factor I del Crecimiento Similar a la Insulina/análisis , Lípidos/biosíntesis , Testosterona/sangre , Adulto , Anciano , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estadísticas no ParamétricasRESUMEN
OBJETIVOS: Investigar a influência do IGF-I e testosterona sobre o perfil lipídico e glicêmico em homens acromegálicos. MÉTODOS: Foram avaliados 15 homens acromegálicos. RESULTADOS: Os pacientes hipogonádicos apresentaram HDL-c mais baixo e triglicérides, LDL-c, glicemia, GH e IGF-I mais elevados. Os valores de IGF-I correlacionaram-se inversamente com HDL-c (r = - 0,57, p = 0,04) e diretamente com triglicerídeos (r = 0,62, p = 0,01) e glicemia (r = 0,66, p = 0,008), enquanto a testosterona correlacionou-se diretamente com HDL-c (r = 0,52, p = 0,05) e inversamente com triglicerídeos (r = - 0,57, p = 0,02); LDL (r = - 0,53, p = 0,04) e glicemia (r = - 0,54, p = 0,03). O IGF-I e a testosterona correlacionaram-se inversamente (r = - 0,585, p = 0,028). CONCLUSÃO: Estes resultados sugerem que a intervenção mais importante na redução do risco cardiovascular nesses pacientes é o controle da atividade da doença.
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the influence of IGF-I and testosterone on the lipid profile and glycemia in acromegalic men. METHODS: Fifteen acromegalic men were studied. RESULTS: The hypogonadic patients presented lower HDL-c and higher tryglicerides, LDL-c, glycemia, GH and IGF-I. Serum IGF-I was inversely correlated with HDL-c (r = - 0.57, p = 0.04) and directly with TG (r = 0.62, p = 0.01) and glycemia (r = 0.66, p = 0.008), whereas serum testosterone correlated directly with HDL-c (r = 0.52, p = 0.05) and inversely with TG (r = - 0.57, p = 0.02), LDL-c (r = - 0.53, p = 0.04) and fasting blood glucose (r = - 0.54, p = 0.03). IGF-I and testosterone were inversely correlated (r = - 0.585, p = 0.028). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the most important intervention in reducing cardiovascular risk in these patients is to control the activity of the disease.