[How much digital public health is in public health degree programs? A systematic analysis of module handbooks in German full-time study programs at public colleges and universities]. / Wie viel Digital Public Health steckt in Public-Health-Studiengängen? Eine systematische Modulhandbuchanalyse von Vollzeitstudiengängen an öffentlichen Hochschulen und Universitäten in Deutschland.

BACKGROUND: Professionals, especially in the field of digital public health (DiPH), are crucial for a successful digital transformation in social and health care. However, it is still unclear to what extent academic professionals are taught DiPH-related content in their public health (PH) studies. METHODS: This study used a systematic module handbook analysis to analyze accredited full-time PH-oriented degree programs at public colleges and universities in Germany for DiPH-related module content. Through the "Hochschulkompass" platform and the member programs of the German Public Health Association (DGPH), 422 programs were identified. Included module handbooks were evaluated by content analysis using MAXQDA. RESULTS: Only 10 bachelor and 6 master programs contain DiPH. They are heterogeneous in their focus and belong to different subfields of public health ("methods, definition, history, and social medicine" = 5; "health management" = 5; "digital health" = 3; "health services research" = 2; "health communication" = 1). Differences were found between the common understanding of DiPH in academia and the content in the module handbooks. The content identified in the analysis focuses mainly on technical areas. Social and health science content is only marginally present. DISCUSSION: The heterogeneous study programs with a connection to DiPH allow academic PH specialists to develop specific profiles. To achieve comprehensive competencies in DiPH, there is a need for further development of modules with relevance to the respective degree program. The results could be used for the (further) development of relevant modules and a core curriculum in DiPH.

[Digital Applications in the Planning and Implementation of Structural Health Promotion and Prevention Settings: Results of a Scoping Review]. / Digitale Anwendungen in der Planung und Umsetzung von verhältnisorientierter Gesundheitsförderung und Prävention in Settings: Ergebnisse eines Scoping Reviews.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: In health promotion and prevention, digital applications, especially for behavioral changes, are being increasingly researched and applied. The aim of this study was to investigate possible uses of digital applications in the context of structurally oriented interventions in these settings. METHODS: This is a supplementary analysis of the results of a scoping review. Eight scientific databases were searched for digital structural primary prevention and health promotion in settings from 2010-2020. RESULTS: A total of 34 articles were included. Digital applications were found to be used only marginally for structural change in health promoting settings. They served as tools for project management, networking, problem identification, consensus building or participation. Participatory methods and projects were used, as well as tools such as labeling, placement, prompting, incentives, nudges, and political strategies. CONCLUSIONS: More evidence is needed on how digital applications can be used to change structures in health promoting settings. Public health or sociological methods and theories can play a supporting role. The interdisciplinary and participatory development and implementation of health promoting technologies is of high relevance.

[Future trends and possible applications of digital technologies in setting-based prevention and health promotion-a Delphi survey]. / Zukunftstrends und Einsatzmöglichkeiten digitaler Technologien in der settingbezogenen Prävention und Gesundheitsförderung ­ eine Delphi-Befragung.

BACKGROUND: Digital technologies show a high potential for health promotion and prevention, but an analysis throughout the planning, implementation, and evaluation phases of setting-based health promotion has not yet taken place. It also remains unclear to what extent digital technologies promote participation, partnerships, empowerment, and equity in settings. PURPOSE: This study is aimed at exploring future trends and possible uses of technologies throughout the phases of setting-based health promotion over the next 5 years. Further, it discusses the use of technologies to build participation, partnerships, empowerment, and equity in settings, and highlights the differences in the predictions of experts from science and practice. METHOD: A two-stage web-based Delphi survey with experts in setting-based health promotion/prevention was conducted. We conducted a content analysis for open questions and a quantitative analysis for closed questions. RESULTS: According to the experts (N = 42, complete participation in the first round of the survey), digital transformation will increasingly find its way into the various process phases over the next 5 years. In particular, technologies for behavioral change in hybrid formats are expected. The use of technology in the future can lead to more participation, partnerships, empowerment, and equity in settings on the one hand, but on the other hand can also reinforce exclusion and injustice if no suitable underlying conditions are provided. DISCUSSION: Research is needed on technologies for changing setting structures. The development of digital competencies and infrastructures in settings is essential to support the development of health-promoting settings digitally.

SHARK FIN ECG PATTERN IN A PATIENT WITH TAKOTSUBO SYNDROME - CASE STUDY AND LITERATURE REVIEW.

Shark fin or triangular QRS-ST-T waveform ECG pattern, also known as lambda-wave ST elevation or giant R wave syndrome, is a particular ECG presentation where QRS complex, ST-segment and T-wave are fused in a unique complex. Originally described in some patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) during the acute phase, it has been found to be associated with a high risk of ventricular fibrillation and cardiogenic shock as well as with a high in-hospital mortality. However, shark fin ECG pattern has also been reported in patients with non-acute coronary syndrome related ST-elevation (NASTEP), including stress-induced takotsubo syndrome (TTS). Fourteen such cases (all females) have been reported so far. The authors present a case of a 56-year-old male with shark fin ECG pattern associated with TTS triggered by burn injuries of head, back, upper, lower limbs and the respiratory tract. Due to respiratory insufficiency and heart failure with hemodynamic compromise, he required mechanical ventilation and catecholamines use. Echocardiography showed apical and midventricular akinesia with left ventricular ejection fraction and global longitudinal strain reduced to 30% and -6.8%, respectively and a high segmental post-systolic index. Shark fin pattern maintained within 2 days, then ST-T evolution was observed. Echocardiographic improvement followed by almost normalization were seen after 6 and 9 days, respectively. No cardiac arrhythmias were recorded as in most of the described cases with shark fin ECG and TTS.

ChatGPT as an Information Source for Patients with Migraines: A Qualitative Case Study.

Migraines are one of the most common and expensive neurological diseases worldwide. Non-pharmacological and digitally delivered treatment options have long been used in the treatment of migraines. For instance, migraine management tools, online migraine diagnosis or digitally networked patients have been used. Recently, applications of ChatGPT are used in fields of healthcare ranging from identifying potential research topics to assisting professionals in clinical diagnosis and helping patients in managing their health. Despite advances in migraine management, only a minority of patients are adequately informed and treated. It is important to provide these patients with information to help them manage the symptoms and their daily activities. The primary aim of this case study was to examine the appropriateness of ChatGPT to handle symptom descriptions responsibly, suggest supplementary assistance from credible sources, provide valuable perspectives on treatment options, and exhibit potential influences on daily life for patients with migraines. Using a deductive, qualitative study, ten interactions with ChatGPT on different migraine types were analyzed through semi-structured interviews. ChatGPT provided relevant information aligned with common scientific patient resources. Responses were generally intelligible and situationally appropriate, providing personalized insights despite occasional discrepancies in interaction. ChatGPT's empathetic tone and linguistic clarity encouraged user engagement. However, source citations were found to be inconsistent and, in some cases, not comprehensible, which affected the overall comprehensibility of the information. ChatGPT might be promising for patients seeking information on migraine conditions. Its user-specific responses demonstrate potential benefits over static web-based sources. However, reproducibility and accuracy issues highlight the need for digital health literacy. The findings underscore the necessity for continuously evaluating AI systems and their broader societal implications in health communication.

Integration of the Vision of People With Diabetes Into the Development Process to Improve Self-management via Diabetes Apps: Qualitative Interview Study.

BACKGROUND: Diabetes is a major global epidemic and serious public health problem. Diabetes self-management is a 24/7 challenge for people with type 1 diabetes that influences their quality of life (QoL). Certain apps can support the self-management of people with diabetes; however, current apps do not meet the needs of people with diabetes appropriately, and their safety is not ensured. Moreover, there are a multitude of hardware and software problems associated with diabetes apps and regulations. Clear guidelines are required to regulate medical care via apps. In Germany, apps must undergo 2 examination processes to be listed in the Digitale Gesundheitsanwendungen directory. However, neither examination process considers whether the medical use of the apps is sufficient for users' self-management. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to contribute to the technology development process of diabetes apps by exploring individual perspectives on desired features and content of diabetes apps among people with diabetes. The vision assessment conducted is a first step toward creating a shared vision among all relevant stakeholders. To ensure adequate research and development processes for diabetes apps in the future, guiding visions from all relevant stakeholders are required. METHODS: In a qualitative study, 24 semistructured interviews with patients with type 1 diabetes were conducted, among whom 10 (42%) were currently using an app. To clarify the perceptions of people with diabetes regarding the functions and content of diabetes apps, a vision assessment was conducted. RESULTS: People with diabetes have concrete ideas of features and content in apps to improve their QoL and allow them to live as comfortably as possible, such as informative predictions through artificial intelligence, improvements in signal loss and value delay through smartwatches, improved communication and information-sharing capabilities, reliable information sources, and user-friendly and discreet messaging options through smartwatches. In addition, according to people with diabetes, future apps should show improved sensors and app connectivity to avoid incorrect values being displayed. They also wish for an explicit indication that displayed values are delayed. In addition, personalized information was found to be lacking in apps. CONCLUSIONS: People with type 1 diabetes want future apps to improve their self-management and QoL and reduce stigma. Desired key features include personalized artificial intelligence predictions of blood glucose levels, improved communication and information sharing through chat and forum options, comprehensive information resources, and smartwatch alerts. A vision assessment is the first step in creating a shared vision among stakeholders to responsibly guide the development of diabetes apps. Relevant stakeholders include patient organizations, health care professionals, insurers, policy makers, device manufacturers, app developers, researchers, medical ethicists, and data security experts. After the research and development process, new apps must be launched while considering regulations regarding data security, liability, and reimbursement.

Hosting an Online World Café to Develop an Understanding of Digital Health Promoting Settings from a Citizen's Perspective-Methodological Potentials and Challenges.

Brown and Isaacs' World Café is a participatory research method to make connections to the ideas of others. During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and the corresponding contact restrictions, only digital hostings of World Cafés were possible. This article aims to present and reflect on the potentials and challenges of hosting online World Cafés and to derive recommendations for other researchers. Via Zoom and Conceptboard, three online World Cafés were conducted in August 2021. In the World Cafés, the main focus was on the increasing digitization in settings in the context of health promotion and prevention from the perspective of setting members of educational institutions, leisure clubs, and communities. Between 9 and 13 participants participated in three World Cafés. Hosting comprises the phases of design and preparation, realisation, and evaluation. Generally, hosting an online World Café is a suitable method for participatory engagement, but particular challenges have to be overcome. Overall café hosts must create an equal participation environment by ensuring the availability of digital devices and stable internet access. The event schedule must react flexibly to technical disruptions and varying participation numbers. Further, compensatory measures such as support in the form of technical training must be implemented before the event. Finally, due to the higher complexity of digitalisation, roles of participants and staff need to be distributed and coordinated.