RESUMEN
Certain linguistic groups in the Southern Highlands of Papua New Guinea are unique in that there is no cultural role for a traditional birth attendant and, therefore, women deliver alone unattended. A programme to train village women as midwives was begun at Nipa Health Centre im 1981 and later expanded to a province-wide scope in 1986. Thirty-two Angal Heneng village midwives were trained during the period 1981-1989. Women of this language group have traditionally given birth alone. By 1989 the Angal Heneng village midwives had supervised 623 deliveries while 24 of them were still practicing. Well accepted in the community, they attended 11% of all births in 1989. Their efforts contributed to infant and perinatal mortality rates that were lower among the Angal Heneng than those of the neighbouring language group.
Asunto(s)
Agentes Comunitarios de Salud/educación , Parto Obstétrico , Etnicidad , Partería/educación , Cultura , Femenino , Humanos , Mortalidad Infantil , Recién Nacido , Servicios de Salud Materna , Mortalidad Materna , Papúa Nueva Guinea/epidemiología , Embarazo , Derivación y Consulta , Factores de RiesgoRESUMEN
Between 1981 and 1987 60 village midwives from six language groups in the Southern Highlands Province have been trained. The customs of these groups and how the training course was modified to adapt to traditions are discussed. Suggestions are presented for consideration by future village midwife tutors.
Asunto(s)
Trabajo de Parto/etnología , Partería/educación , Características Culturales , Femenino , Humanos , Recién Nacido , Infanticidio , Papúa Nueva Guinea/etnología , Postura , EmbarazoRESUMEN
This article discusses several pharmacokinetic aspects of amoxicillin pertinent in a maternal and pediatric population. Life stages impact both dosage requirements as well as actual pharmacokinetic properties of this antibiotic.
Asunto(s)
Amoxicilina/farmacología , Penicilinas/farmacología , Adolescente , Adulto , Factores de Edad , Lactancia Materna , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Humanos , Lactante , Enfermeras Practicantes , Evaluación en Enfermería , Selección de Paciente , Embarazo/efectos de los fármacosRESUMEN
Long-term use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) is associated with serious and sometimes fatal side effects as gastrointestinal ulcers, bleeding and less frequently kidney and liver damage. These side effects are caused primarily by the reduction of prostaglandin synthesis, which in turn deprives the stomach's self-protection mechanism. NSAIDs prevent prostaglandin formation by inhibiting the enzyme cyclooxygenase. Recent research has shown that there are two types of cyclooxygenase, one that produces the form of prostaglandin involved in the gastric protection and the other that produces the form of prostaglandin involved in inflammation. Current NSAIDs inhibit both forms of cyclooxygenase. Gastrointestinal lesions associated with NSAIDs are predominantly observed in the stomach and are defined under the term of "NSAID gastropathy". Intestinal lesions secondary to the ingestion of NSAIDs were only recently described. Rectocolic lesions induced by NSAID are frequent and severe. The noxious effect of NSAID on preexisting low pathologies can be differentiated from "de novo" induced acute and chronic lesions.