Surface roughness and color measurements of glazed or polished hybrid, feldspathic, and Zirconia CAD/CAM restorative materials after hot and cold coffee immersion.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study evaluates and compares the effect of surface roughness (Ra) and color stability on computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) hybrid resin (Vita Enamic), feldspathic (Vitablocs® Mark II), and lithium disilicate Zirconia (Vita Suprinity) glazed or polished ceramics immersed in hot Arabic Qahwa and cold coffee. METHODS: A total of 96 standardized samples were prepared from CAD/CAM restorative materials. Half of the samples were polished as per the manufacturer's instructions using a porcelain polishing kit, and the other half were glazed. Samples were distributed and immersed in hot Arabian Qahwa and cold coffee followed by thermocycling. Ra measurements and color changes were conducted before and after immersion. SEM images were captured from each type of glazed or polished ceramic. One-way ANOVA paired Student's t-test, and Bonferroni test were conducted to detect significant difference between the groups. P > 0.05 was a significant level. RESULTS: Of all the tested samples, Ra increased without any significant difference; however, mean color changes (ΔE*) showed significant differences. An increase in Ra was noted for all the glazed and polished samples after immersion and thermocycling. However, differences were significant only in VM II. In addition, ΔE* was significant only in Vita Suprinity (VS) samples. For immersion groups, significant Ra changes were noticed in glazed samples, only in Vita Enamic (VE) with no ΔE*. In polished samples, mean Ra changes were observed in VM II and VS samples. Significant differences were also noticed in polished VE and VS subgroups of ΔE*. CONCLUSIONS: Ra affects all the tested samples, providing higher values on the polished specimens. The ΔE* caused by hot Arabic Qahwa and cold coffee on glazed or polished CAD/CAM restorative materials were clinically acceptable.

Dental Anxiety and Fear among Patients in Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A Cross-sectional Study.

AIM: The current study aims to address the patient's dental anxiety (DA) And dental fear (DF) under the treatment of a general practitioner (GP) among different parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The cross-sectional study included 500 patients recruited from different clinics in Jazan, Saudi Arabia. Data were collected through a questionnaire-based form consisting of three parts; the first part was personal and demographic questions whereas the second and third parts were a modified dental anxiety scale (MDAS) and a dental fear survey (DFS) to measure DA and DF among patients. Spearman's correlation was used to measure the relation between DA and DF as well as Chi-square tests and logistic regression analyses for analyzing the effect of each variable on DA and DF. RESULTS: All patients fulfilled their eligibility criteria. A high percentage was found in moderate anxiety (36.8%) as well as in moderate fear (46.2%) among different anxiety and fear scales. The association between DA and DF was positively significant (p <0.01). There was a significant effect of gender, age, education, khat use, marital status, monthly income, and type of clinic on patients' DA and DF. CONCLUSIONS: There is a positive relation between MDAS and DFS, thus the DA affects the DF. Female patients had a lower DA and DF than male patients. Furthermore, the government clinics had the highest DA and DF prevalence levels for patients. Moreover, the high school-graduated patients seem to have a high DA and DF vs other patient educational levels. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: It would be beneficial to include an educational training program about psychological patient management in the study curriculum as well as to be offered as a special course to newly graduated dentists. This modification will aid to improve the GPs to get rid of DA and DF patients. How to cite this article: AlDhelai TA, Al-Ahmari MM, Adawi HA, et al. Dental Anxiety and Fear among Patients in Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: A Cross-sectional Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2021;22(5):549-556.

Impacts of the Triple bristles three-sided sonic powered toothbrush on tooth shade, plaque control and gingival health.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the efficacy of the Triple bristles three-sided sonic powered toothbrush in plaque removal and its impact on tooth shade and gingival health, and to compare this with a conventional manual toothbrush. METHODS: Fifty two participants (26 males and 26 females; mean age [SD] = 22.48 [1.52], SE = 0.210, 95% CI = 22.06-22.90) were recruited into this controlled within-subject, randomized, two-treatment, 1-month crossover and examiner-blinded observational study between October 2020 and January 2021 in the School of Dentistry, University of Jordan. Within each participant, the upper and lower jaws were randomized to receive a brushing protocol either with the Triple bristles three-sided sonic brush or with a soft manual standard toothbrush with flat trimmed bristles. Tooth shades were recorded for upper and lower anterior and premolar teeth. The Turesky-Modified Quigley-Hein Plaque Index (TMQHPI) and bleeding on probing (BOP) were evaluated at study baseline, 1 week and 1 month after applying the brushing protocol. RESULTS: Both tested brushes were associated with significant reduction in plaque scores and BOP (p < 0.05). The Triple bristles brush was more effective in reduction in plaque and BOP in the lower jaw and among females than the manual brush (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The Triple bristles brush was more superior for reduction in plaque and probing on bleeding in the lower jaw and among females.

Comparisons Between Preclinical and Clinical Dental Students' Perceptions of the Educational Climate at the College of Dentistry, Jazan University.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to compare the preclinical and clinical undergraduate dental students' perceptions of their educational climate (EC). In addition it will be compared with other local and international studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Students enrolled in their third and fourth years (preclinical phase) and students in their fifth and sixth years (clinical phase) of the Bachelor of Dental Science at the University of Jazan, Saudi Arabia, were invited to complete a WhatsApp media survey, which included demographics and the Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure (DREEM). This scale measured students' overall perceptions of the EC in five domains: learning, teaching, academic self-perception, atmosphere, and social self-perception. Data were analyzed with Student's t-tests and ANOVA to compare between and within groups. RESULTS: A total of 272 participants, 140 (51.5%) preclinical and 132 (48.5%) clinical students,took part in the study. Students were generally positive about their learning climate, with overall DREEM scores of 125.19 and 126.21 (preclinical) to 124.10 (clinical) out of a possible score of 200 phases. Student's perceptions of teaching (26.18±3.24/72.72%) and atmosphere (28.08±5.29/63.82%) were the highest and lowest scores, respectively, and both scores were positive. CONCLUSION: No differences between the preclinical and clinical phases of the curriculum point to the structure of learning, teaching, academic, social self-perception in health professional degrees. Further research should investigate the weak points in the social and atmospheric climate.