Focal nodular hyperplasia of the liver after clomiphene treatment in a young boy.

The case of a 3.5-year-old boy treated unsuccessfully with clomiphene for cryptorchidism is reported. Nine months later focal nodular liver hyperplasia developed. Clomiphene promotes testicular descent by stimulating endogenous production of gonadotropins and their releasing factors. A causal relationship between the hepatic lesion and clomiphene treatment has been supposed. In our case subsequent fertility can only be expected from orchidopexy performed as soon as possible. Hepatic function must be checked during and after clomiphene treatment also in children.