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1.
J Korean Med Sci ; 39(1): e8, 2024 Jan 08.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38193327

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and European Medicines Agency (EMA) approved empagliflozin for reducing cardiovascular mortality and heart failure (HF) hospitalization in patients with both HF with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). However, limited data are available on the generalizability of empagliflozin to clinical practice. Therefore, we evaluated real-world eligibility and potential cost-effectiveness based on a nationwide prospective HF registry. METHODS: A total of 3,108 HFrEF and 2,070 HFpEF patients from the Korean Acute Heart Failure (KorAHF) registry were analyzed. Eligibility was estimated by inclusion and exclusion criteria of EMPagliflozin outcomE tRial in Patients With chrOnic heaRt Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction (EMPEROR-Reduced) and EMPagliflozin outcomE tRial in Patients With chrOnic heaRt Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction (EMPEROR-Preserved) trials and by FDA & EMA label criteria. The cost-utility analysis was done using a Markov model to project the lifetime medical cost and quality-adjusted life year (QALY). RESULTS: Among the KorAHF patients, 91.4% met FDA & EMA label criteria, while 44.7% met the clinical trial criteria. The incremental cost-effectiveness ratio of empagliflozin was calculated at US$6,764 per QALY in the overall population, which is far below a threshold of US$18,182 per QALY. The cost-effectiveness benefit was more evident in patients with HFrEF (US$5,012 per QALY) than HFpEF (US$8,971 per QALY). CONCLUSION: There is a large discrepancy in real-world eligibility for empagliflozin between FDA & EMA labels and clinical trial criteria. Empagliflozin is cost-effective in HF patients regardless of ejection fraction in South Korea health care setting. The efficacy and safety of empagliflozin in real-world HF patients should be further investigated for a broader range of clinical applications. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01389843.


Asunto(s)
Insuficiencia Cardíaca , Estados Unidos , Humanos , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/tratamiento farmacológico , Análisis de Costo-Efectividad , Estudios Prospectivos , Volumen Sistólico , República de Corea
2.
Cardiovasc Diabetol ; 21(1): 291, 2022 12 27.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36575485

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: High glycemic variability (GV) is a poor prognostic marker in cardiovascular diseases. We aimed to investigate the association of GV with all-cause mortality in patients with acute heart failure (HF). METHODS: The Korean Acute Heart Failure registry enrolled patients hospitalized for acute HF from 2011 to 2014. Blood glucose levels were measured at the time of admission, during hospitalization, and at discharge. We included those who had 3 or more blood glucose measurements in this study. Patients were divided into two groups based on the coefficient of variation (CoV) as an indicator of GV. Among survivors of the index hospitalization, we investigated all-cause mortality at 1 year after discharge. RESULTS: The study analyzed 2,617 patients (median age, 72 years; median left-ventricular ejection fraction, 36%; 53% male). During the median follow-up period of 11 months, 583 patients died. Kaplan-Meier curve analysis revealed that high GV (CoV > 21%) was associated with lower cumulative survival (log-rank P < 0.001). Multivariate Cox proportional analysis showed that high GV was associated with an increased risk of 1-year (HR 1.56, 95% CI 1.26-1.92) mortality. High GV significantly increased the risk of 1-year mortality in non-diabetic patients (HR 1.93, 95% CI 1.47-2.54) but not in diabetic patients (HR 1.19, 95% CI 0.86-1.65, P for interaction = 0.021). CONCLUSIONS: High in-hospital GV before discharge was associated with all-cause mortality within 1 year, especially in non-diabetic patients with acute HF.


Asunto(s)
Insuficiencia Cardíaca , Hiperglucemia , Humanos , Masculino , Anciano , Femenino , Glucemia , Volumen Sistólico , Pronóstico , Función Ventricular Izquierda , Hospitalización , Hospitales
3.
Cardiovasc Diabetol ; 20(1): 180, 2021 09 08.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34496864

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) have a higher prevalence of heart failure (HF) than those without it. Approximately 40 % of HF patients have DM and they tend to have poorer outcomes than those without DM. This study evaluated the impact of insulin therapy on mortality among acute HF patients. METHODS: A total of 1740 patients from the Korean Acute Heart Failure registry with DM were included in this study. The risk of all-cause mortality according to insulin therapy was assessed using the Cox proportional hazard models with inverse probability of treatment weighting to balance the clinical characteristics (pretreatment covariates) between the groups. RESULTS: DM patients had been treated with either oral hypoglycemic agents (OHAs) alone (n = 620), insulin alone (n = 682), or insulin combined with OHAs (n = 438). The insulin alone group was associated with an increased mortality risk compared with the OHA alone group (HR = 1.41, 95 % CI 1.21-1.66]). Insulin therapy combined with OHAs also showed an increased mortality risk (HR = 1.29, 95 % CI 1.14-1.46) compared with the OHA alone group. Insulin therapy was consistently associated with increased mortality risk, regardless of the left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) or HF etiology. A significant increase in mortality was observed in patients with good glycemic control (HbA1c < 7.0 %) receiving insulin, whereas there was no significant association in patients with poor glycemic control (HbA1c ≥ 7.0%). CONCLUSIONS: Insulin therapy was found to be associated with increased mortality compared to OHAs. The insulin therapy was harmful especially in patients with low HbA1c levels which may suggest the necessity of specific management strategies and blood sugar targets when using insulin in patients with HF.


Asunto(s)
Diabetes Mellitus/tratamiento farmacológico , Control Glucémico , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/mortalidad , Hipoglucemiantes/uso terapéutico , Insulina/uso terapéutico , Enfermedad Aguda , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Biomarcadores/sangre , Glucemia/efectos de los fármacos , Glucemia/metabolismo , Diabetes Mellitus/sangre , Diabetes Mellitus/diagnóstico , Diabetes Mellitus/mortalidad , Femenino , Hemoglobina Glucada/metabolismo , Control Glucémico/efectos adversos , Control Glucémico/mortalidad , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/diagnóstico , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/fisiopatología , Humanos , Hipoglucemiantes/efectos adversos , Insulina/efectos adversos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Prospectivos , Sistema de Registros , República de Corea , Medición de Riesgo , Factores de Riesgo , Factores de Tiempo , Resultado del Tratamiento
4.
Cardiovasc Diabetol ; 19(1): 49, 2020 05 02.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32359358

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Although more than one-third of the patients with acute heart failure (AHF) have diabetes mellitus (DM), it is unclear if DM has an adverse impact on clinical outcomes. This study compared the outcomes in patients hospitalized for AHF stratified by DM and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). METHODS: The Korean Acute Heart Failure registry prospectively enrolled and followed 5625 patients from March 2011 to February 2019. The primary endpoints were in-hospital and overall all-cause mortality. We evaluated the impact of DM on these endpoints according to HF subtypes and glycemic control. RESULTS: During a median follow-up of 3.5 years, there were 235 (4.4%) in-hospital mortalities and 2500 (46.3%) overall mortalities. DM was significantly associated with increased overall mortality after adjusting for potential confounders (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 1.11, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.03-1.22). In the subgroup analysis, DM was associated with higher a risk of overall mortality in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) only (adjusted HR 1.14, 95% CI 1.02-1.27). Inadequate glycemic control (HbA1c ≥ 7.0% within 1 year after discharge) was significantly associated with a higher risk of overall mortality compared with adequate glycemic control (HbA1c < 7.0%) (44.0% vs. 36.8%, log-rank p = 0.016). CONCLUSIONS: DM is associated with a higher risk of overall mortality in AHF, especially HFrEF. Well-controlled diabetes (HbA1c < 7.0%) is associated with a lower risk of overall mortality compared to uncontrolled diabetes. Trial registration ClinicalTrial.gov, NCT01389843. Registered July 6, 2011. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01389843.


Asunto(s)
Diabetes Mellitus/mortalidad , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/mortalidad , Enfermedad Aguda , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Biomarcadores/sangre , Glucemia/efectos de los fármacos , Glucemia/metabolismo , Diabetes Mellitus/sangre , Diabetes Mellitus/diagnóstico , Diabetes Mellitus/tratamiento farmacológico , Femenino , Hemoglobina Glucada/metabolismo , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/diagnóstico , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/fisiopatología , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/terapia , Mortalidad Hospitalaria , Humanos , Hipoglucemiantes/uso terapéutico , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pronóstico , Estudios Prospectivos , Sistema de Registros , República de Corea/epidemiología , Medición de Riesgo , Factores de Riesgo , Volumen Sistólico , Factores de Tiempo , Función Ventricular Izquierda
5.
Heart Vessels ; 35(8): 1051-1059, 2020 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32152732

RESUMEN

The effect of statin therapy on reducing adverse cardiovascular events in vasospastic angina (VSA) has been inconsistent. Therefore, we investigated the association between statin therapy and adverse cardiovascular events in a large, prospective VSA cohort. The Variant Angina Korea registry consecutively enrolled 2960 patients suspected VSA. Among them, we included 1713 patients who were diagnosed with VSA based on coronary provocation test. We divided the patients into the statin (n = 744) and no-statin group (n = 914) according to the medication prescribed at discharge. The primary outcome was a composite of cardiac death, acute coronary syndrome, and new-onset life-threatening arrhythmia during a 3-year follow-up period. The primary outcome occurred in 32 patients (4.3%) in the statin and 28 patients (3.1%) in the no-statin group. In Kaplan-Meier analysis before and after propensity score matching, there was no significant difference in the cumulative incidence of primary outcomes between both groups. Multivariate Cox regression analysis demonstrated that the focal type of VSA was independent predictor of primary outcomes, but statin therapy was not. Furthermore, the lack of benefit of statin therapy for primary outcomes was consistently observed across the statin intensity and spasm characteristics. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that statin therapy did not reduce adverse cardiovascular events in patients with VSA.


Asunto(s)
Angina de Pecho/tratamiento farmacológico , Vasoespasmo Coronario/tratamiento farmacológico , Inhibidores de Hidroximetilglutaril-CoA Reductasas/uso terapéutico , Síndrome Coronario Agudo/etiología , Adulto , Anciano , Angina de Pecho/complicaciones , Angina de Pecho/mortalidad , Angina de Pecho/fisiopatología , Arritmias Cardíacas/etiología , Vasoespasmo Coronario/complicaciones , Vasoespasmo Coronario/mortalidad , Vasoespasmo Coronario/fisiopatología , Femenino , Factores de Riesgo de Enfermedad Cardiaca , Humanos , Inhibidores de Hidroximetilglutaril-CoA Reductasas/efectos adversos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Prospectivos , Sistema de Registros , República de Corea , Medición de Riesgo , Factores de Tiempo , Resultado del Tratamiento
6.
J Korean Med Sci ; 35(33): e278, 2020 Aug 24.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32830467

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: ß-blockers (BBs) are considered primary therapy in stable heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) without atrial fibrillation (AF); evidence-based benefits of BB on outcome have been documented. However, BBs have not been shown to improve mortality or reduce hospital admissions in HF patients with AF. This study assessed the relationship between BBs at discharge and relevant clinical outcomes in acute heart failure (AHF) patients with AF. METHODS: From the Korean Acute Heart Failure Registry, 936 HFrEF and 639 HF patients with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and AF were selected. Propensity score (PS) matching accounted for BB selection bias when assessing associations. RESULTS: BB-untreated patients in the overall cohort of HFrEF and HFpEF had greater deteriorated clinical and laboratory characteristics. In the 670 PS-matched cohort of HFrEF patients, incidences of all clinical events at 60 days and 1 year were not different according to use of BBs. In the 470 PS-matched cohort of HFpEF, rehospitalization and composite outcome at 6 months and 1 year more frequently occurred in non-users of BBs. After adjusting for covariates in the multivariable Cox model of matched cohorts, BB was not associated with clinical outcomes at 60 days and 1 year in HFrEF with AF patients. In HFpEF patients with AF, BB use was associated with reduced 6-month (hazard ratio [HR], 0.38; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.20-0.74) and 1-year rehospitalization (HR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.34-0.82). CONCLUSION: In the HFrEF with AF PS-matched cohort, the use of BBs at discharge was not associated with clinical outcome. However, in HFpEF with AF, the use of BB was associated with reduced rehospitalization during the 6-month and 1-year follow up.


Asunto(s)
Antagonistas Adrenérgicos beta/uso terapéutico , Fibrilación Atrial/complicaciones , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/tratamiento farmacológico , Enfermedad Aguda , Anciano , Fibrilación Atrial/patología , Estudios de Cohortes , Femenino , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/complicaciones , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/mortalidad , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/patología , Hospitalización/estadística & datos numéricos , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Alta del Paciente , Supervivencia sin Progresión , Puntaje de Propensión , Modelos de Riesgos Proporcionales , Sistema de Registros , Volumen Sistólico , Tasa de Supervivencia
7.
J Korean Med Sci ; 35(46): e397, 2020 Nov 30.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33258331

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: There are sparse data on the utilization rate of implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) and its beneficial effects in Korean patients with heart failure with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). METHODS: Among 5,625 acute heart failure (AHF) patients from 10 tertiary university hospitals across Korea, 485 patients with reassessed LVEF ≤ 35% at least 3 months after the index admission were enrolled in this study. The ICD implantation during the follow-up was evaluated. Mortality was compared between patients with ICDs and age-, sex-, and follow-up duration matched control patients. RESULTS: Among 485 patients potentially indicated for an ICD for primary prevention, only 56 patients (11.5%) underwent ICD implantation during the follow-up. Patients with ICD showed a significantly lower all-cause mortality compared with their matched control population: adjusted hazard ratio (HR) (95% confidence interval [CI]) = 0.39 (0.16-0.92), P = 0.032. The mortality rate was still lower in the ICD group after excluding patients with cardiac resynchronization therapy (adjusted HR [95% CI] = 0.09 [0.01-0.63], P = 0.015). According to the subgroup analysis for ischemic heart failure, there was a significantly lower all-cause mortality in the ICD group than in the no-ICD group (HR [95% CI] = 0.20 [0.06-0.72], P = 0.013), with a borderline statistical significance (interaction P = 0.069). CONCLUSION: Follow-up data of this large, multicenter registry suggests a significant under-utilization of ICD in Korean heart failure patients with reduced LVEF. Survival analysis implies that previously proven survival benefit of ICD in clinical trials could be extrapolated to Korean patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01389843.


Asunto(s)
Desfibriladores Implantables , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/terapia , Anciano , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/mortalidad , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Modelos de Riesgos Proporcionales , Sistema de Registros , República de Corea , Análisis de Supervivencia , Centros de Atención Terciaria , Resultado del Tratamiento , Función Ventricular Izquierda/fisiología
8.
Circ J ; 83(2): 347-356, 2019 01 25.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30404976

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The clinical characteristics and outcomes of acute heart failure (AHF) according to left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) have not been fully elucidated, especially for patients with mid-range LVEF. We performed a comprehensive comparison of the epidemiology, patterns of in-hospital management, and clinical outcomes in AHF patients with different LVEF categories. Methods and Results: The Korean Acute Heart Failure (KorAHF) registry is a prospective multicenter cohort of hospitalized AHF patients in Korea. A total of 5,374 patients enrolled in the KorAHF registry were classified according to LVEF based on the 2016 ESC guidelines. More than half of the HF patients (58%) had reduced EF (HFrEF), 16% had mid-range EF (HFmrEF), and 25% had preserved EF (HFpEF). The HFmrEF patients showed intermediate epidemiological profiles between HFrEF and HFpEF and had a propensity to present as de-novo HF with ischemic etiology. Patients with lower LVEF had worse short-term outcomes, and the all-cause in-hospital mortality, including urgent heart transplantation, of HFrEF, HFmrEF, and HFpEF was 7.1%, 3.6%, and 3.0%, respectively. Overall, discharged AHF patients showed poor 3-year all-cause death up to 38%, which was comparable between LVEF subgroups (P=0.623). CONCLUSIONS: Each LVEF subgroup of AHF patients was a heterogeneous population with diverse characteristics, which have a significant effect on the clinical outcomes. This finding suggested that focused phenotyping of AHF patients could help identify the optimal management strategy and develop novel effective therapies.


Asunto(s)
Insuficiencia Cardíaca/fisiopatología , Volumen Sistólico , Anciano , Causas de Muerte , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/diagnóstico , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/mortalidad , Mortalidad Hospitalaria , Humanos , Masculino , Estudios Prospectivos , Sistema de Registros , República de Corea/epidemiología , Resultado del Tratamiento
9.
Mar Drugs ; 17(6)2019 Jun 21.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31234277

RESUMEN

Cardiac progenitor cells (CPCs) are resident stem cells present in a small portion of ischemic hearts and function in repairing the damaged heart tissue. Intense oxidative stress impairs cell metabolism thereby decreasing cell viability. Protecting CPCs from undergoing cellular apoptosis during oxidative stress is crucial in optimizing CPC-based therapy. Histochrome (sodium salt of echinochrome A-a common sea urchin pigment) is an antioxidant drug that has been clinically used as a pharmacologic agent for ischemia/reperfusion injury in Russia. However, the mechanistic effect of histochrome on CPCs has never been reported. We investigated the protective effect of histochrome pretreatment on human CPCs (hCPCs) against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative stress. Annexin V/7-aminoactinomycin D (7-AAD) assay revealed that histochrome-treated CPCs showed significant protective effects against H2O2-induced cell death. The anti-apoptotic proteins B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) and Bcl-xL were significantly upregulated, whereas the pro-apoptotic proteins BCL2-associated X (Bax), H2O2-induced cleaved caspase-3, and the DNA damage marker, phosphorylated histone (γH2A.X) foci, were significantly downregulated upon histochrome treatment of hCPCs in vitro. Further, prolonged incubation with histochrome alleviated the replicative cellular senescence of hCPCs. In conclusion, we report the protective effect of histochrome against oxidative stress and present the use of a potent and bio-safe cell priming agent as a potential therapeutic strategy in patient-derived hCPCs to treat heart disease.


Asunto(s)
Miocitos Cardíacos/efectos de los fármacos , Naftoquinonas/farmacología , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Células Madre/efectos de los fármacos , Anexina A5/metabolismo , Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Proteínas Reguladoras de la Apoptosis/metabolismo , Caspasa 3/metabolismo , Supervivencia Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Células Cultivadas , Senescencia Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Daño del ADN/efectos de los fármacos , Humanos , Peróxido de Hidrógeno/farmacología , Miocitos Cardíacos/metabolismo , Daño por Reperfusión/inducido químicamente , Daño por Reperfusión/tratamiento farmacológico , Daño por Reperfusión/metabolismo , Federación de Rusia , Proteína X Asociada a bcl-2/metabolismo
10.
Circ J ; 82(8): 2071-2078, 2018 07 25.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29681584

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The outcomes of heart failure (HF) with mid-range ejection fraction (HFmrEF) have been rarely studied, and follow-up data on left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) are scarse.Methods and Results:Patients were selected from a prospective multicenter registry of patients hospitalized for acute HF and then classified in the improved group if they exhibited %LVEF change ≥5 with follow-up LVEF ≥50%. Follow-up LVEF reported at least 90 days after discharge was used for classification. Of the 3,085 patients with acute HF, 454 were classified in the HFmrEF, and 276 had follow-up data. Of these 276 patients, 34.1% were classified in the improved group. Multivariate analysis revealed that hypertension, higher heart rate, lower serum sodium level, and maintenance therapy with ß-blocker were associated with improved LVEF. The survival rate was significantly higher in the improved group than in the other groups. Young age and maintenance therapy with renin-angiotensin system blockers or aldosterone antagonists were significantly associated with better survival in HFmrEF. CONCLUSIONS: One-third of HFmrEF patients showed improved LVEF; moreover, the survival rate in the improved group was higher than the other groups. Renin-angiotensin system blockers and aldosterone antagonists could improve the survival of HFmrEF patients.


Asunto(s)
Insuficiencia Cardíaca/mortalidad , Volumen Sistólico/fisiología , Enfermedad Aguda , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Estudios de Seguimiento , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/diagnóstico , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/tratamiento farmacológico , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/epidemiología , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Antagonistas de Receptores de Mineralocorticoides/uso terapéutico , Pronóstico , Sistema de Registros , Sistema Renina-Angiotensina/efectos de los fármacos , Factores de Riesgo , Análisis de Supervivencia , Resultado del Tratamiento
11.
Int J Mol Sci ; 19(2)2018 Feb 22.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29470444

RESUMEN

Abstract: Citrons have been widely used for medicinal purposes for a long time, but the application of citron in the food industry is still restricted. The extensive advantages of nanotechnology in the food industry have greatly broadened the application of foods. In this study, by employing nanotechnology, we prepared citron-extract nanoparticle with an average size of 174.11 ± 3.89 nm, containing protein peptide and/or liposome. In order to evaluate the toxicity of nanoparticles and to ensure food safety, biological cytotoxicity at the cell and genomic levels was also identified to examine the toxicity of citron extracts by using an in vitro system. Our results demonstrated that the cytotoxicity of citronliposome was dependent on cell type in high concentrations (1 and 5 mg/mL), selectively against primary human cardiac progenitor cells (hCPCs), and human endothelial progenitor cells (hEPCs) in MTT and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) assays. Interestingly, for the NIH-3T3 and H9C2 cell lines, cell cytotoxicity was observed with slight genotoxicity, especially from citronpeptide extract for both cell lines. Taken together, our study provides cytotoxicity data on nanoengineered citron extracts according to different cell type as is crucial for further applications.


Asunto(s)
Citrus/química , Liposomas/química , Péptidos/farmacología , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Animales , Muerte Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Línea Celular , Supervivencia Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Ensayo Cometa , Humanos , L-Lactato Deshidrogenasa/metabolismo , Ratones , Mutágenos/toxicidad , Nanopartículas
12.
Int J Mol Sci ; 19(1)2018 Jan 17.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29342111

RESUMEN

To overcome the drawbacks of conventional drug delivery system, nanoemulsion have been developed as an advanced form for improving the delivery of active ingredients. However, safety evaluation is crucial during the development stage before the commercialization. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity of two types of newly developed nanoemulsions. Turmeric extract-loaded nanoemulsion powder-10.6 (TE-NEP-10.6, high content of artificial surfactant Tween 80), which forms the optimal nanoemulsion, and the TE-NEP-8.6 made by increasing the content of natural emulsifier (lecithin) to reduce the potential toxicity of nanoemulsion were cultured with various cells (NIH3T3, H9C2, HepG2, hCPC, and hEPC) and the changes of each cell were observed followed by nanoemulsion treatment. As a result, the two nanoemulsions (TE-NEP-10.6 and TE-NEP-8.6) did not show significant difference in cell viability. In the case of cell line (NIH3T3, H9C2, and HepG2), toxicity was not observed at an experimental concentration of less than 1 mg/mL, however, the cell survival rate decreased in a concentration dependent manner in the case of primary cultured cells. These results from our study can be used as a basic data to confirm the cell type dependent toxicity of nanoemulsion.


Asunto(s)
Curcuma/química , Emulsiones/química , Nanopartículas/química , Aceites/química , Extractos Vegetales/química , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Agua/química , Animales , Línea Celular , Supervivencia Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Relación Dosis-Respuesta a Droga , Sistemas de Liberación de Medicamentos , Humanos
13.
Circ J ; 80(3): 565-71, 2016.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26902451

RESUMEN

Beta-blockers are the cornerstone treatment for congestive heart failure (HF). Current HF guidelines commonly recommend ß-blockers for the treatment of HF with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). The effect of ß-blockers, however, is less clear for HF patients with preserved LVEF, unstable severe acute HF, or right ventricular failure. This review summarizes the effect of ß-blockers in various clinical situations and suggests a strategy for optimal use. (Circ J 2016; 80: 565-571).


Asunto(s)
Antagonistas Adrenérgicos beta/uso terapéutico , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/tratamiento farmacológico , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/fisiopatología , Humanos , Volumen Sistólico
14.
Int J Mol Sci ; 17(10)2016 Oct 09.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27735842

RESUMEN

Doxorubicin (DOXO) is widely used to treat solid tumors. However, its clinical use is limited by side effects including serious cardiotoxicity due to cardiomyocyte damage. Resident cardiac progenitor cells (hCPCs) act as key regulators of homeostasis in myocardial cells. However, little is known about the function of hCPCs in DOXO-induced cardiotoxicity. In this study, we found that DOXO-mediated hCPC toxicity is closely related to calcium-related autophagy signaling and was significantly attenuated by blocking mTOR signaling in human hCPCs. DOXO induced hCPC apoptosis with reduction of SMP30 (regucalcin) and autophagosome marker LC3, as well as remarkable induction of the autophagy-related markers, Beclin-1, APG7, and P62/SQSTM1 and induction of calcium-related molecules, CaM (Calmodulin) and CaMKII (Calmodulin kinase II). The results of an LC3 puncta assay further indicated that DOXO reduced autophagosome formation via accumulation of cytosolic Ca2+. Additionally, DOXO significantly induced mTOR expression in hCPCs, and inhibition of mTOR signaling by rapamycin, a specific inhibitor, rescued DOXO-mediated autophagosome depletion in hCPCs with significant reduction of DOXO-mediated cytosolic Ca2+ accumulation in hCPCs, and restored SMP30 and mTOR expression. Thus, DOXO-mediated hCPC toxicity is linked to Ca2+-related autophagy signaling, and inhibition of mTOR signaling may provide a cardio-protective effect against DOXO-mediated hCPC toxicity.


Asunto(s)
Autofagia/efectos de los fármacos , Doxorrubicina/farmacología , Células Madre/efectos de los fármacos , Antibióticos Antineoplásicos/farmacología , Autofagosomas/efectos de los fármacos , Autofagosomas/metabolismo , Beclina-1/metabolismo , Calcio/metabolismo , Proteínas de Unión al Calcio/metabolismo , Supervivencia Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Células Cultivadas , Citosol/metabolismo , Humanos , Péptidos y Proteínas de Señalización Intracelular/metabolismo , Proteínas Asociadas a Microtúbulos/metabolismo , Miocardio/citología , Proteínas Proto-Oncogénicas c-kit/metabolismo , Proteína Sequestosoma-1/metabolismo , Sirolimus/farmacología , Células Madre/citología , Células Madre/metabolismo , Serina-Treonina Quinasas TOR/metabolismo
15.
Int Heart J ; 56(1): 49-55, 2015.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25742943

RESUMEN

Cystatin-C, a marker of mild renal dysfunction, has been reported to be associated with cardiovascular diseases including vasospastic angina (VSA). We aimed to investigate the impact of cystatin-C level on the prevalence and angiographic characteristics of VSA in Korean patients.A total of 549 patients in the VA-KOREA (Vasospastic Angina in KOREA) registry who underwent ergonovine provocation tests were consecutively enrolled. Estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and levels of serum creatinine (Cr) and cystatin-C were assessed before angiography.The patients were classified into two groups: the VSA group (n = 149, 27.1%) and the non-VSA group (n = 400). Although eGFR and Cr levels were similar between the two groups, the VSA group had a significantly higher level of cystatin-C (P < 0.05). A high level of cystatin-C (second tertile, hazard ratio 1.432; 95% confidence interval [1.1491.805]; P = 0.026, third tertile, 1.947 [1.132-2.719]; P = 0.003) and current smoking (2.710 [1.415-4.098]; P < 0.001) were independently associated with the prevalence of VSA. Furthermore, the highest level of cystatin-C (> 0.96 ng/mL) had a significant impact on the incidence of multivessel spasm (2.608 [1.061-4.596]; P = 0.037).A high level of cystatin-C was independently associated with the prevalence of VSA and with a high-risk type of VSA in Korean patients, suggesting that proactive investigation of VSA should be considered for patients with mild renal dysfunction indicated by elevated cystatin-C.


Asunto(s)
Angina de Pecho , Vasoespasmo Coronario , Cistatina C/sangre , Anciano , Angina de Pecho/sangre , Angina de Pecho/diagnóstico , Angina de Pecho/etiología , Angina de Pecho/fisiopatología , Biomarcadores/sangre , Intervalos de Confianza , Angiografía Coronaria/métodos , Vasoespasmo Coronario/complicaciones , Vasoespasmo Coronario/fisiopatología , Vasos Coronarios/patología , Creatinina/sangre , Femenino , Tasa de Filtración Glomerular , Humanos , Incidencia , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Prevalencia , Sistema de Registros , República de Corea , Factores de Riesgo , Estadística como Asunto
16.
J Korean Med Sci ; 29(4): 544-9, 2014 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24753702

RESUMEN

Heart failure (HF) complicating acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is common and is associated with poor clinical outcome. Limited data exist regarding the incidence and in-hospital mortality of AMI with HF (AMI-HF). We retrospectively analyzed 1,427 consecutive patients with AMI in the five major university hospitals in Korea at two time points, 1998 (n = 608) and 2008 (n = 819). Two hundred twenty eight patients (37.5%) in 1998 and 324 patients (39.5%) in 2008 of AMI patients complicated with HF (P = 0.429). AMI-HF patients in 2008 were older, had more hypertension, previous AMI, and lower systolic blood pressure than those in 1998. Regarding treatments, AMI-HF patients in 2008 received more revascularization procedures, more evidence based medical treatment and adjuvant therapy, such as mechanical ventilators, intra-aortic balloon pulsation compared to those in 1998. However, overall in-hospital mortality rates (6.4% vs 11.1%, P = 0.071) of AMI-HF patients were unchanged and still high even after propensity score matching analysis, irrespective of types of AMI and revascularization methods. In conclusion, more evidence-based medical and advanced procedural managements were applied for patients with AMI-HF in 2008 than in 1998. However the incidence and in-hospital mortality of AMI-HF patients were not significantly changed between the two time points.


Asunto(s)
Insuficiencia Cardíaca/diagnóstico , Mortalidad Hospitalaria/tendencias , Infarto del Miocardio/diagnóstico , Enfermedad Aguda , Factores de Edad , Anciano , Presión Sanguínea , Demografía , Femenino , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/complicaciones , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/mortalidad , Humanos , Hipertensión/complicaciones , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Infarto del Miocardio/complicaciones , Infarto del Miocardio/mortalidad , Oportunidad Relativa , República de Corea , Estudios Retrospectivos
17.
Diabetes Metab ; 50(1): 101504, 2024 Jan.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38097010

RESUMEN

AIMS: Although the hypothesis that metformin is beneficial for patients with diabetes and heart failure (HF) has been steadily raised, there is limited data on metformin use in patients with acute HF. We analyzed the association of metformin on all-cause mortality in hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes and acute HF. METHODS: The Korean Acute Heart Failure registry prospectively enrolled patients hospitalized for acute HF from 2011 to 2014. Among this cohort, we analyzed patients with diabetes with baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 30 ml/min/1.73 m2 or more. We analyzed the all-cause mortality and re-hospitalization for HF within 1 year after discharge. Inverse probability treatment weighting method was used to adjust baseline differences on metformin treatment. RESULTS: The study analyzed data from 1,309 patients with HF and diabetes (mean age 69 years, 56 % male). Among them, 613 (47 %) patients were on metformin at admission. During the median follow-up period of 11 months, 132 (19 %) and 74 (12 %) patients not receiving and receiving metformin treatment died, respectively. The mortality rate was lower in metformin users than in non-users (hazard ratio 0.616 [0.464-0.819] P<0.001). After adjustment, metformin was significantly associated with a lower risk for the mortality (hazard ratio 0.677 [0.495-0.928] P=0.015). In subgroup analyses, this association remains significant irrespective of baseline kidney function (eGFR <60 or ≥60 ml/min/1.73 m2, P-for-interaction=0.176) or left ventricular ejection fraction (<40 %, 40-49 %, or ≥50 %, P-for-interaction=0.224). CONCLUSIONS: Metformin treatment at the time of admission was associated with a lower risk for 1-year mortality in patients with diabetes, hospitalized for acute HF.


Asunto(s)
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 , Insuficiencia Cardíaca , Metformina , Anciano , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/complicaciones , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/tratamiento farmacológico , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/epidemiología , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/tratamiento farmacológico , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/epidemiología , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/etiología , Hospitalización , Metformina/uso terapéutico , República de Corea/epidemiología , Datos de Salud Recolectados Rutinariamente , Volumen Sistólico , Función Ventricular Izquierda , Estudios Prospectivos
18.
Am J Cardiovasc Drugs ; 24(2): 313-324, 2024 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38413500

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The DAPA-HF and DELIVER trials demonstrated the clinical benefits of dapagliflozin in heart failure (HF) patients across the entire ejection fraction (EF) spectrum. However, further investigation is needed for the real-world application of dapagliflozin in HF patients. This study examines the proportion of real-world HF patients eligible for dapagliflozin and evaluates the cost-effectiveness of adding dapagliflozin to current HF therapy. METHODS: Data from the nationwide prospective registry, the Korean Acute Heart Failure (KorAHF) registry, were used to determine dapagliflozin eligibility based on the enrollment criteria of the DAPA-HF/DELIVER trials. A cost-utility analysis was conducted using a Markov model to assess the cost-effectiveness of dapagliflozin by comparing it to the standard of care. RESULTS: Out of 5178 KorAHF patients, 48.7% met the enrollment criteria of the DAPA-HF/DELIVER trials, while 89.5% met the label criteria (US Food and Drug Administration, European Medicines Agency, and Korean Ministry of Food and Drug Safety). Eligibility was highest among HF patients with preserved EF (55.3% vs. HF with mildly reduced EF and HF with reduced EF 46.4%). Dapagliflozin proved to be cost-effective, with an incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of 4557 US dollar (US$) per quality-adjusted life year, which falls below the US$18,182 willingness-to-pay threshold. The cost-effectiveness benefit was more pronounced in patients with a left ventricular EF (LVEF) ≤ 40% (ICER US$3279 for LVEF ≤ 40% vs. US$8383 for LVEF > 40%). CONCLUSIONS: Discrepancies in dapagliflozin eligibility were observed between real-world data and clinical trial results. The addition of dapagliflozin to HF therapy proved to be highly cost-effective across the entire EF spectrum.


Asunto(s)
Compuestos de Bencidrilo , Glucósidos , Insuficiencia Cardíaca , Humanos , Análisis Costo-Beneficio , Volumen Sistólico , República de Corea
19.
Heart Vessels ; 28(3): 301-7, 2013 May.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22526378

RESUMEN

For patients with variant angina it is very important to start medical therapy using calcium-channel blockers. However, the decision of physicians regarding whether to decrease the dose of the drug or discontinue it is controversial. We investigated whether the nature of spasm is remissive and whether the termination of medications is safe. The subjects studied were included in the Vasospastic Angina in Catholic Medical Center Registry from March 2001 to December 2009. We analyzed 37 patients (62 lesions) with variant angina, diagnosed using coronary angiography (CAG) and he acetylcholine provocation test, without any organic coronary stenosis, whose symptoms were well controlled after medication. The follow-up CAG with provocation test was performed at a median interval of 44 months. The characteristics of spasm were analyzed on each pair of CAGs. The study group consisted of 23 men (62.2 %) and 14 women (37.8 %) with a mean age of 59 ± 11.1 years. The follow-up CAG with provocation test showed that the characteristics of the spasmodic nature were consistent with the first test in all patients. Although the patients with variant angina had no chest pain after medical treatment, the spasmodic nature of coronary arteries still remained. We may decrease the drug dosage after carefully checking the patient's symptoms but recommend not discontinuing therapy, even if the patient is asymptomatic.


Asunto(s)
Angina Pectoris Variable/diagnóstico por imagen , Angiografía Coronaria , Vasoespasmo Coronario/diagnóstico por imagen , Vasos Coronarios/diagnóstico por imagen , Acetilcolina , Anciano , Angina Pectoris Variable/tratamiento farmacológico , Bloqueadores de los Canales de Calcio/administración & dosificación , Distribución de Chi-Cuadrado , Vasoespasmo Coronario/tratamiento farmacológico , Vasos Coronarios/efectos de los fármacos , Esquema de Medicación , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Estudios Prospectivos , Sistema de Registros , Inducción de Remisión , República de Corea , Factores de Tiempo , Resultado del Tratamiento , Vasoconstrictores , Vasodilatadores/administración & dosificación
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