Modulation of the Immune Response to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Vaccination by Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs.

Evidence is scarce to guide the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to mitigate severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine-related adverse effects, given the possibility of blunting the desired immune response. In this pilot study, we deeply phenotyped a small number of volunteers who did or did not take NSAIDs concomitant with SARS-CoV-2 immunizations to seek initial information on the immune response. A SARS-CoV-2 vaccine-specific receptor binding domain (RBD) IgG antibody response and efficacy in the evoked neutralization titers were evident irrespective of concomitant NSAID consumption. Given the sample size, only a large and consistent signal of immunomodulation would have been detectable, and this was not apparent. However, the information gathered may inform the design of a definitive clinical trial. Here we report a series of divergent omics signals that invites additional hypotheses testing. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The impact of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on the immune response elicited by repeat severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) immunizations was profiled by immunophenotypic, proteomic, and metabolomic approaches in a clinical pilot study of small sample size. A SARS-CoV-2 vaccine-specific immune response was evident irrespective of concomitant NSAID consumption. The information gathered may inform the design of a definitive clinical trial.

Considerations for the Safe Operation of Schools During the Coronavirus Pandemic.

During the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, providing safe in-person schooling has been a dynamic process balancing evolving community disease burden, scientific information, and local regulatory requirements with the mandate for education. Considerations include the health risks of SARS-CoV-2 infection and its post-acute sequelae, the impact of remote learning or periods of quarantine on education and well-being of children, and the contribution of schools to viral circulation in the community. The risk for infections that may occur within schools is related to the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infections within the local community. Thus, persistent suppression of viral circulation in the community through effective public health measures including vaccination is critical to in-person schooling. Evidence suggests that the likelihood of transmission of SARS-CoV-2 within schools can be minimized if mitigation strategies are rationally combined. This article reviews evidence-based approaches and practices for the continual operation of in-person schooling.