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The interest in soccer generally starts during childhood, with children and young people often looking for opportunities in sports. New exercise techniques can be effective in improving training. The aim of this study was to compare the effects on the strength and physical posture of a group practicing Pilates with another not practicing Pilates, both undergoing continuous football training. In this controlled randomized clinical trial, the participants were 15 soccer club members, who had a training frequency of least three times weekly. The sample was divided into a control group (n = 7) of players who did not undergo any therapeutic intervention (only the usual training) and a Pilates group (n = 8) of players who participated in the mat Pilates program. The intervention consisted of fifteen sessions. Postural evaluations were performed using biophotogrammetry and force analysis. Significant improvements were obtained in terms of increased muscle strength (p = 0.001) for the Pilates group, but there were no significant postural alterations when comparing the two groups. Five weeks of mat Pilates was sufficient to increase lower limb muscle strength in young football players. This pilot study indicates that Mat Pilates as a method that could be planned to be included in training.
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Técnicas de Ejercicio con Movimientos , Fútbol , Niño , Humanos , Adolescente , Proyectos Piloto , Fuerza Muscular , Extremidad InferiorRESUMEN
STUDY DESIGN: Case report. INTRODUCTION: A severe wrist fracture can cause permanent physical disabilities and deformities, leading to limit patients in their occupation and social environment. PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: We aim at presenting a treatment protocol and the functional outcome of a patient with severe clinical state after a rare wrist fracture. METHODS: We provided physical therapy intervention associated with serious games for muscle strengthening. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: There was an increase in strengthening and a decrease in Disability of the Arm, Shoulder and Hand score and Patient Rated Wrist Evaluation scores. The International Classification of Functioning scores have changed from severe to light or to absent in many of the domains. CONCLUSION: The use of serious games combined with a conventional physical therapy intervention played a fundamental role in recovery and return to work activities, and there was also an important recovery of general health condition.
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Fuerza de la Mano/fisiología , Modalidades de Fisioterapia , Fracturas del Radio/rehabilitación , Fracturas del Cúbito/rehabilitación , Juegos de Video , Articulación de la Muñeca/fisiopatología , Adulto , Fijación Interna de Fracturas , Humanos , Masculino , Fracturas del Radio/fisiopatología , Fracturas del Radio/cirugía , Fracturas del Cúbito/fisiopatología , Fracturas del Cúbito/cirugía , Articulación de la Muñeca/cirugíaRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to evaluate the acute effects of Pilates exercises on flexibility and performance in practitioners of an extreme conditioning program (ECP). The hypothesis adopted was that Pilates could activate deeper muscles and improve the stability of core muscles. METHODS: This was an observational cross-sectional study with individuals practicing an ECP submitted to a Pilates method (PM) exercise session. The Wells bench test was used to assess flexibility, while performance was evaluated using the Wall Ball exercise commonly performed by ECP practitioners. The perception of effort was measured using the Borg scale. RESULTS: A single session of PM exercises was able to significantly improve flexibility immediately after the exercises (p < 0.001) and performance in one of the movements of the ECP (p < 0.001), as well as decrease the perception of effort. CONCLUSION: An acute intervention with Pilates exercises promoted improvement in performance of the CrossFit Wall Ball exercise.
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Técnicas de Ejercicio con Movimientos , Humanos , Técnicas de Ejercicio con Movimientos/métodos , Estudios Transversales , Masculino , Adulto , Femenino , Adulto Joven , Rango del Movimiento Articular/fisiología , Fuerza Muscular/fisiología , Músculo Esquelético/fisiologíaRESUMEN
Cryotherapy, a therapeutic technique involving localized cooling of the body, has gained popularity for postsurgical rehabilitation. It induces a reduction in cellular metabolism, vasoconstriction, and pain relief, making it an attractive option for managing postoperative (PO) shoulder pain. This systematic review aimed to assess the effectiveness of cryotherapy in PO shoulder patients, focusing on pain, range of motion, functionality, and temperature changes. The review included six randomized clinical trials, involving a total of 233 patients who underwent various shoulder surgeries. Cryotherapy was applied using different methods, including Cryo/Cuff, Cryoton®, Polar Care 300, and ice packs. Results indicated that cryotherapy was generally effective in reducing PO shoulder pain. However, one study found no significant difference in pain outcomes between the cryotherapy group and control group. Furthermore, three studies demonstrated a decrease in intra-articular and skin temperatures with cryotherapy application. A risk of bias analysis revealed some concerns in the overall risk of bias for five studies, with one study considered to have a high risk of bias. Although publication bias assessment was not conducted due to the limited number of included studies, it was noted that the studies exhibited heterogeneity in terms of population, intervention methods, and outcome measures. In conclusion, cryotherapy appears to be a promising adjunctive treatment for PO shoulder pain, although the existing evidence has some limitations, including small sample sizes and methodological concerns. More high-quality studies are needed to establish the full extent of cryotherapy's effectiveness in PO shoulder rehabilitation, especially regarding its impact on functionality and range of motion.
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Objective: To evaluate the knowledge about scoliosis in teachers of municipal public schools. Methods: In total, 126 professionals were interviewed using a standard questionnaire containing issues related to scoliosis. Results: 31% of interviewees did not know what scoliosis is. Of those who knew 89.65% were partially correct about the definition. Of those who claimed to know how the scoliosis diagnosis is made, only 25.58% were completely correct. When questioned about the Adams test, 84.9% did not know it. Among the interviewees, 57.9% answered that it is impossible to identify scoliosis by a simple examination of their students and, off these, 86.3% stated the lack of knowledge about the subject; and 92.1% considered that training for the diagnosis and early identification of scoliosis in students. Conclusion: This study holds social impact since the interviewed teachers were not knowledgeable about the subject and had difficulty in providing a definition of the condition and in how to proceed with the investigation. Continuous education activities and the inclusion of this subject on the curricula of teacher education programs would improve the early diagnosis and treatment of scoliosis, with high success rates. Level of Evidence IV, Economic and Decision Analyses.
Objetivo: Avaliar o conhecimento de professores de escola municipal sobre escoliose. Métodos: Foram entrevistados 126 profissionais por meio de formulário online padronizado contendo perguntas relativas à escoliose. Resultados: Dos entrevistados, 31% não sabiam o que é escoliose. Dos que sabiam, 89,65% estavam parcialmente corretos quanto à definição. Dos professores que responderam saber como era feito o diagnóstico de escoliose, apenas 25,58% estavam totalmente corretos. Quando questionados sobre o teste de Adams, 84,9% não sabiam do que se tratava. Dos entrevistados, 57,9% disseram que não é possível identificar escoliose por meio de um exame simples de seus alunos em sala de aula e, destes, 86,3% alegaram falta de conhecimento sobre o assunto; e 92,1% consideraram que é importante haver uma capacitação sobre o diagnóstico de escoliose para identificação precoce nos alunos. Conclusão: Este estudo tem impacto social, pois os professores entrevistados não apresentavam domínio sobre o assunto, demonstrando dificuldade em definir a condição e como proceder com a investigação. A realização de capacitações e a inclusão dessas questões no currículo profissional aumentaria o diagnóstico precoce de escoliose nas escolas, possibilitando o tratamento precoce e maiores chances de sucesso terapêutico. Nível de Evidência IV, Análise Econômica e de Decisão.
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BACKGROUND: This study compared the effects of plyometric training (PT) and virtual training (VT) on physical and functional performance. METHODS: Fifty-five moderately-trained women participated in this randomized, controlled, prospective study. The subjects were randomly assigned to VT (N.=20), PT (N.=18), and control (CG, N.=17) groups. The VT was performed using the Your Body Shape Fitness Evolved 2012™ exergame in an Xbox360/Kinetic™ environment. The PT was based on the methods used in previous studies. Both interventions were performed 3 times per week for 8 weeks. Participants in the CG were not submitted to any type of intervention. Physical performance (fitness and athleticism levels) was assessed using the Nike+ Kinetic Training™ exergame in an Xbox360/Kinetic™ environment. Functional performance was assessed using the shuttle run (SR), triple hop test (THT), and six-meter timed hop test (STHT). RESULTS: Postintervention fitness and athleticism levels were significantly greater in VT (P<0.001 and P=0.009) and in PT (P<0.001 and P=0.003) than baselines values. Only VT postintervention fitness level was significantly greater compared to CG (P=0.03). Postintervention SR values were significantly lower than baselines values in all groups (P<0.001). VT (P=0.08) and PT (P=0.006) postintervention values were significantly lower compared to CG. Postintervention THT values were significantly greater than baselines values in VT and PT (P<0.001). VT (P=0.04 - dominant limb) and PT (P=0.003 - dominant limb; and P=0.03 - non-dominant limb) postintervention values were significantly greater compared to CG. Postintervention STHT values were significantly lower than baselines values in VT (P<0.001), PT (P<0.001) and CG (P=0.01-0.02). PT postintervention dominant (P=0.01) and non-dominant (P=0.03) limb values were significantly lower compared to CG. CONCLUSIONS: Both VT and PT are beneficial for improving physical and functional performance. Therefore, VT might be a new tool that can be used for physical exercise practice and conditioning training in moderately-trained women.
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Rendimiento Físico Funcional , Ejercicio Pliométrico/métodos , Ejercicio Físico , Prueba de Esfuerzo , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Fuerza Muscular , Examen Físico , Aptitud Física , Estudios ProspectivosRESUMEN
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of serious games on hand muscle strength and functionality in a series of cases with ulnar nerve damage. Two patients were included in this 16-week intervention study using biofeedback. Electromyography electrodes and dynamometers were used in treatment. Functionality was assessed by Rosen and Lundborg score, Disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand (DASH) questionnaire and International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF). Grip and pinch strength were assessed by dynamometers. Results revealed an increase in sensory domain of Rosen and Lundborg score of the two patients. Patients increased values from the DASH questionnaire; however, they got better results with ICF. Grip strength of the two patients increased; pinch strength varied between patients; key pinch had the best results. Serious games can be effective to enhance hand strength and improve functionality in patients with ulnar nerve damage.
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Nervio Cubital , Adulto , Femenino , Fuerza de la Mano/fisiología , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Extremidad Superior , Juegos de VideoRESUMEN
Hemiplegia is the classic condition resulting from a stroke. To assist in recovery, the overflow method can be employed to stimulate the affected limb, using the healthy contralateral lower limb (LL) to activate the plegic upper limb (UL) musculature. The aim of this study was to evaluate the immediate effect of overflow using the PNF method on the plegic upper limb muscles of post-stroke individuals in the acute and chronic stages, as well as on the muscles of healthy individuals. A total of 22 individuals participated in the work, comprising 8 healthy individuals (control group), 6 post-stroke acute stage individuals (acute group), and 8 post-stroke chronic stage individuals (chronic group). The participants were assessed using a questionnaire with sections for personal and disease data and application of the ICF scale and the Fugl-Meyer index. The three groups were submitted to electromyographic evaluation, using the posterior deltoid (PD), anterior deltoid (AD), pectoralis major (PM), and external oblique (EO) muscles in four different positions: P1 (resting the UL, with the LL contralateral to the affected limb positioned in diagonal); P2 (resting the UL, with manual resistance in the contralateral LL); P3 (affected UL positioned in diagonal, with manual resistance in the contralateral LL) e P4 (affected UL positioned in diagonal, with fixed point and manual resistance in the contralateral LL). The electromyography results revealed no significant differences between most of the positions for the four muscles evaluated (pâ¯>â¯0.05). However, high clinical relevance (dâ¯>â¯0.8) was found for muscle activation in positions 2 and 4. It could be concluded that for post-stroke individuals in the acute and chronic stages, overflow using PNF effectively increased activation of the PD, AD, PM, and EO muscles in the P2, as well as position 4.
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Hemiplejía/rehabilitación , Músculo Esquelético/fisiopatología , Modalidades de Fisioterapia , Rehabilitación de Accidente Cerebrovascular/métodos , Músculos Oblicuos del Abdomen/fisiopatología , Adulto , Anciano , Músculo Deltoides/fisiopatología , Electromiografía , Femenino , Hemiplejía/etiología , Humanos , Extremidad Inferior/fisiopatología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Músculos Pectorales/fisiopatología , Proyectos Piloto , Accidente Cerebrovascular/complicaciones , Extremidad Superior/fisiopatologíaRESUMEN
Objective: This study aims to evaluate the associations between quality of life and sociodemographic characteristics, motivation, and frequency and time of practice in practitioners of an extreme conditioning program. Methods:Observational descriptive-exploratory type research, with a convenience sample consisting of CrossFit® practitioners. The practitioners answered a demographic data questionnaire, and the WHOQOL-bref instrument was used to assess the quality of life. Results: Of the 260 practitioners evaluated, 59.61% were female. The highest means of QoL scores were for the physical domain (79.8 ± 11.76), social domain (74.1 ± 15.59), psychological do-main (73.2 ± 13.67), and environment domain (70.7 ± 12.14). Practice time showed positive correlations with all QoL domains. Conclusions: The practitioners showed good results for quality of life, with the highest scores for the physical domain, followed by the social domain, the psychological domain, and finally, the environment domain. Longer practice time was correlated with higher averages for all QoL domains (AU).
Objetivo: O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as associações entre a qualidade de vida com características sociode-mográficas, motivação, frequência e tempo de prática em praticantes de um programa de condicionamento extremo. Métodos: Pesquisa de caráter observacional, do tipo descritivo-exploratória, sendo a amostra por conveniência composta por praticantes de Crossfit®. Os praticantes responderam um questionário de dados demográficos e, para avaliar a qualidade de vida, utilizou-se o instrumento validade WHOQOL-bref. Resultados: Dos 260 praticantes avaliados, 59,61% foram do sexo feminino. As maiores médias dos escores da qualidade de vida foram para o do-mínio físico, (79,8 ± 11,76), domínio social (74,1 ± 15,59), domínio psicológico (73,2 ± 13,67) e domínio ambiente (70,7 ± 12,14). O tempo de prática mostrou correlações positivas com todos os domínios qualidade de vida. Con-clusão: Os praticantes apresentam bons resultados para a QV, sendo os maiores escores no domínio físico, seguido pelo domínio social, domínio psicológico e por último domínio ambiente. Maior tempo de prática indicou correlação com maiores médias em todos os domínios da QV (AU).
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Humanos , Calidad de Vida , Ejercicio Físico , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the knowledge about scoliosis in teachers of municipal public schools. Methods: In total, 126 professionals were interviewed using a standard questionnaire containing issues related to scoliosis. Results: 31% of interviewees did not know what scoliosis is. Of those who knew 89.65% were partially correct about the definition. Of those who claimed to know how the scoliosis diagnosis is made, only 25.58% were completely correct. When questioned about the Adams test, 84.9% did not know it. Among the interviewees, 57.9% answered that it is impossible to identify scoliosis by a simple examination of their students and, off these, 86.3% stated the lack of knowledge about the subject; and 92.1% considered that training for the diagnosis and early identification of scoliosis in students. Conclusion: This study holds social impact since the interviewed teachers were not knowledgeable about the subject and had difficulty in providing a definition of the condition and in how to proceed with the investigation. Continuous education activities and the inclusion of this subject on the curricula of teacher education programs would improve the early diagnosis and treatment of scoliosis, with high success rates. Level of Evidence IV, Economic and Decision Analyses.
RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar o conhecimento de professores de escola municipal sobre escoliose. Métodos: Foram entrevistados 126 profissionais por meio de formulário online padronizado contendo perguntas relativas à escoliose. Resultados: Dos entrevistados, 31% não sabiam o que é escoliose. Dos que sabiam, 89,65% estavam parcialmente corretos quanto à definição. Dos professores que responderam saber como era feito o diagnóstico de escoliose, apenas 25,58% estavam totalmente corretos. Quando questionados sobre o teste de Adams, 84,9% não sabiam do que se tratava. Dos entrevistados, 57,9% disseram que não é possível identificar escoliose por meio de um exame simples de seus alunos em sala de aula e, destes, 86,3% alegaram falta de conhecimento sobre o assunto; e 92,1% consideraram que é importante haver uma capacitação sobre o diagnóstico de escoliose para identificação precoce nos alunos. Conclusão: Este estudo tem impacto social, pois os professores entrevistados não apresentavam domínio sobre o assunto, demonstrando dificuldade em definir a condição e como proceder com a investigação. A realização de capacitações e a inclusão dessas questões no currículo profissional aumentaria o diagnóstico precoce de escoliose nas escolas, possibilitando o tratamento precoce e maiores chances de sucesso terapêutico. Nível de Evidência IV, Análise Econômica e de Decisão.
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O objetivo do estudo foi determinar a prevalência de lesões e realizar uma triagem dessas lesões em praticantes de Crossfit. Os praticantes responderam perguntas sociodemográficas, relacionadas à prática da modalidade, às lesões e ao Questionário de Prontidão para o Esporte com Foco nas Lesões Musculoesqueléticas (MIR-Q). Dos 368 praticantes avaliados, 57,33% eram mulheres, 54,61% dos praticantes responderam SIM em pelo menos uma das questões do MIR-Q, 48,91% relataram lesão em pelo menos um segmento corporal. Neste estudo foi encontrada uma relação positiva e moderada de se ter uma lesão com o resultado positivo no MIR-Q e os praticantes que relataram uma lesão tiveram 2,76 mais vezes ter resultado positivo no MIR-Q. A taxa deâ¯lesõesâ¯encontrada foi semelhante à de outros estudos com populações semelhantes e que mais da metade da amostra necessita de uma consulta com um especialista, a partir do método de triagem adotado.
The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of injuries and to screen these injuries in Crossfit practitioners. The practitioners answered sociodemographic questions related to the practice of the sport, injuries and the Sport Readiness Questionnaire with a Focus on Musculoskeletal Injuries (MIR-Q). Of the 368 practitioners evaluated, 57.33% were women, 54.61% of the practitioners answered YES in at least one of the MIR-Q questions, 48.91% reported injury to at least one body segment. In this study, a positive and moderate relationship between having an injury and a positive result on the MIR-Q was found and practitioners who reported an injury had 2.76 odds to have a positive result on the MIR-Q. The rate of injuries found was similar to other studies with similar populations and that more than half of the sample requires consultation with a specialist, based on the adopted screening method.
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OBJECTIVE: The aim of this work was to analyze muscle strength in Pilates novices who used the Reformer equipment during twelve training sessions. METHODS: Twenty-four healthy young female volunteers, who were non-smokers and did not exercise regularly, were split into a control group (mean age 28 ± 4 years and BMI 24.55 ± 3.21 kg/m2) and a training group (mean age 29 ± 4 years and BMI 22.69 ± 2.87 kgm2). The data were checked for normality using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, and were then analyzed using the t-test (p < 0.05). RESULTS: After the training sessions, there were statistically significant differences between the groups for the scapular stabilizer muscles (p = 0.0263) and the lumbar muscles (p = 0.0001). For the scapular stabilizers, the initial/final values were 14.69 ± 2.80/14.79 ± 2.89 (control group) and 15.99 ± 3.54/17.44 ± 2.88 (Pilates group). The corresponding values for the lumbar muscles were 53.83 ± 11.66/53.28 ± 11.14 (control group) and 54.75 ± 10.27/64.80 ± 10.20 (Pilates group). CONCLUSION: After twelve sessions of Pilates with the Reformer equipment, there were improvements in lumbar extensor and scapular stabilizer strength. Several benefits are reported by practitioners of Pilates, but until now, there has been limited scientific evidence of the improvement of strength in the trunk and limbs after application of the technique.
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Técnicas de Ejercicio con Movimientos/métodos , Región Lumbosacra/fisiología , Fuerza Muscular/fisiología , Escápula/fisiología , Músculos Superficiales de la Espalda/fisiopatología , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Proyectos Piloto , Torso/fisiología , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To characterize the inflammatory profiles of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus receiving standard treatment compared to healthy controls. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Peripheral venous blood was collected from systemic lupus erythematosus patients (n=14) and controls (n=18) at enrollment. Blood samples were used for quantification, by flow cytometry, of CD11b (integrin) and Chemokine receptor CXCR2 expression surface antigen in neutrophils and lymphocytes, while cytokines were assayed in serum samples. Purified neutrophils were assayed by their ability to phagocytize human plasma-opsonized zymosan. RESULTS: Patients had a median (interquartile range) disease activity index of 1.0 (0-2.0) characteristic of patients in remission. Interleukin-6 and interleukin-10 serum concentrations were significantly higher in the patient group compared to controls and the phagocytic index of circulating neutrophils was significantly reduced in patients compared to controls. The levels of interleukin-2, interleukin-5, interleukin-8 and tumor necrosis factor alpha did not significantly differ between patients and controls. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that the integrin expression levels were reduced in lymphocytes (but not in neutrophils) obtained from systemic lupus erythematosus patients, while surface expression of the chemokine receptor 2 was similar in both neutrophils and lymphocytes. CONCLUSION: Systemic lupus erythematosus patients receiving standard treatment presented with elevated systemic levels of interleukin-6 and interleukin-10, reduced neutrophil phagocytic capacity, and reduced lymphocyte expression of integrin even when symptoms were in remission. These alterations to innate immune components may put these individuals at a greater risk for acquiring infections.
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Citocinas/inmunología , Lupus Eritematoso Sistémico/inmunología , Linfocitos/inmunología , Neutrófilos/inmunología , Biomarcadores/sangre , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Humanos , Interleucina-6RESUMEN
Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of postural changes and their relationship with BMI, pain, postures adopted in activities of the daily living (ADL), physical activity practice, gender and age (6 to 12 years). This study is characterized as cross-sectional, quantitative and descriptive. The convenience sample consisted of 840 schoolchildren. Regarding the sample characteristics, 477 (56.79%) were female aged 6-12 years (average=8.90±1.71years). Evaluations were carried out at the school premises and a questionnaire was used to collect data on gender, age, pain report, practice of out-of-school physical activities and postures adopted in ADLs. Body mass, height and posture were evaluated. Some schoolchildren (43.21%) reported not practicing physical activity outside of school, 544 (64.76%) correctly carried their backpack and 51.9% adopted correct postures to study and watch TV. Musculoskeletal pain was reported by 62.73%, and shoulders were the most affected. BMI indicated 55.6% of the sample with leanness/normal weight and 44.40% with overweight/obesity. Postural changes were present in 97.02% of students and the region with the highest number of alterations was the upper limbs. Girls presented greater number of trunk alterations (p=0.001), as well as those who did not practice physical activity (p=0.02) and alterations in the lower limbs for younger students (p=0.02) and female students (p=0.01). This study identified high prevalence of postural changes in schoolchildren.
Resumo O objetivo é avaliar a prevalência de alterações posturais e suas relações com o índice de massa corporal (IMC), dor, posturas adotadas em atividades de vida diária (AVDs), prática de atividades físicas, sexo e idade (6 a 12 anos). Caracteriza-se como transversal, quantitativa e descritiva. A amostra de conveniência foi constituída por 840 escolares. Quanto as características dos escolares, 477 (56,79%) eram do sexo feminino, na faixa etária de 6 a 12 anos (Média=8,90±1,71 anos). As avaliações foram realizadas nas dependências das escolas e um questionário foi aplicado para coleta dos dados: sexo, idade, relato de dor, prática de atividades físicas fora da escola e posturas adotadas nas AVDs. Verificou-se a massa corporal, estatura e a avaliação da postura. Alguns escolares (43,21%) relataram não praticar atividade física fora da escola, 544 (64,76%) carregavam corretamente a mochila e 51,9% adotava posturas corretas para estudar e assistir televisão. A dor musculoesquelética foi relatada por 62,73%, sendo os ombros a região mais acometida. O IMC indicou 55,6% com magreza/eutrofia e 44,40% com sobrepeso/obesidade. As alterações posturais foram apresentadas por 97,02% dos escolares e a região com maior número de alterações foi o membro superior. O sexo feminino apresentou maior número de alterações no tronco (p?0,001), os que não praticavam atividade física (p?0.02) e também nos membros inferiores para os escolares mais novos (p?0.02) e do sexo feminino (p?0.01). Este estudo identificou uma alta prevalência de alterações posturais em escolares.
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O objetivo do estudo foi explorar as opiniões das voluntárias de um protocolo de treinamento pliométrico associado a exercícios resistidos (TPER) e virtual (TV) para prevenção de lesões. Essa abordagem foi escolhida, pois as percepções dos pacientes em geral podem ser negligenciadas. A coleta de dados ocorreu com dois grupos focais (GFs), e para isso formalizou-se o convite a sete participantes de cada um deles que já houvessem finalizado o treinamento. Realizou-se um encontro, com duração média de 60 minutos para cada grupo de intervenção, e um moderador treinado o conduziu; as sessões foram gravadas em áudio e transcritas posteriormente para análise. As participantes relataram em ambos os treinos o aumento do condicionamento físico, resistência e força muscular. Concluiu-se que no TPER foi mais destacada a melhora do equilíbrio e estabilidade de membros inferiores, já no TV isso ocorreu em relação à concentração e à disposição para a rotina diária.
The aim of the study was to explore the opinions of the volunteers about the plyometric training protocol associated with resistance (PTRE) and virtual (VT) exercises for injury prevention. This approach was chosen considering that patients' perceptions in general could be neglected. Data collection took place with two Focus Groups (FGs) and to this end, an invitation was made to seven participants from both groups who had already completed the training. A meeting was held, with an average duration of 60 minutes for each intervention group, and a trained moderator conducted it; the sessions were recorded on audio and later transcribed for analysis. The participants reported the increase of physical conditioning, endurance and muscle strength in both training sessions. It was concluded that in PTRE, the issue of improved balance and stability of lower limbs was highlighted, while in VT the improvement of concentration and disposition for the daily routine.
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O objetivo desse estudo foi avaliar a amplitude de movimento articular de praticantes de um programa de condicionamento extremo. O estudo transversal, descritivo, caracteriza-se por uma pesquisa quanti-qualitativa. Os praticantes responderam perguntas sociodemográficas, relacionadas à prática da modalidade, se possuía alguma dor/desconforto articular e realizaram testes para a avaliação da amplitude articular de ombro, punho, quadril e tornozelo. Os testes realizados foram: Reverse Wall Slide para o ombro, Weight-Bearing Box Test para o punho, Supine Kness-To-Chest para o quadril e Weight-Bearing Lunge Test para a articulação do tornozelo. Foram avaliados 46 praticantes, sendo 26 mulheres e 20 homens. Os resultados foram analisados e apresentados de forma descritiva com cálculo da média e desvio padrão. Nos praticantes avaliados cerca de 30,43%; 80,45%; 58,69% e 60,28% apresentaram avaliação positiva para a amplitude de movimento de ombro, punho, quadril e tornozelo, respectivamente. Foi encontrado correlação positiva e fraca somente entre o resultado do teste de mobilidade do tornozelo e dor/desconforto.(AU)
The objective of this study was to evaluate the range of articular movement of practitioners of an extreme conditioning program. The cross-sectional, descriptive study is characterized by quantitative and qualitative research. The practitioners answered sociodemographic questions, related to the practice of the sport, if they had any joint pain / discomfort and performed tests to assess the shoulder, wrist, hip and ankle joint amplitude. The tests performed were: Reverse Wall Slide for the shoulder mobility, WeightBearing Box Test for the wrist mobility, Supine Kness-To-Chest for the hip mobility and Weight-Bearing Lunge Test for the ankle mobility. Was evaluated 46 practitioners, 26 women and 20 men. The results were analyzed and presented descriptively with calculation of the mean and standard deviation. In the evaluated practitioners about 30.43%; 80.45%; 58.69% and 60.28% had a positive evaluation for the range of motion of the shoulder, wrist, hip and ankle, respectively. A positive and weak correlation was found only between the result of the ankle mobility test and pain / discomfort.(AU)
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Dolor , Hombro , Rango del Movimiento Articular , Amplitud de Ondas Sísmicas , Cadera , Tobillo , Articulación del Tobillo , Deportes , Mujeres , HombresRESUMEN
ABSTRACT Introduction: The two-dimensional (2D) methods of dynamic assessment of knee valgus are popular because of their low cost and the fact that they are easy to implement. It is believed that dynamic valgus of the knee is one of the main disorders responsible for non-contact lesions of the anterior cruciate ligament. There are two categories of reliability with regard to data collectors: inter-rater (reliability among multiple data collectors) and intra-rater (reliability of a single data collector). Objectives: To assess intra and inter-rater reliability during the step-down test in professional soccer athletes, using initial and final angles for each test repetition. Methods: The sample consisted of 29 professional soccer players. All study participants were considered by club physiotherapists to be free of any musculoskeletal injury and were performing daily training tasks. Two male evaluators participated in the study. Results: For each data group, mean and standard deviation were determined. The intra- and inter-rater reliability of all data was determined using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), with a confidence interval of 95% and alpha of p ≤ 0.05. Rater 1 was classified in the first intra-rater stage of the analysis for heel touch, with good to excellent reliability. For the inter-rater analysis, both for heel touch and for greater valgus angle, there was excellent reliability among the raters. Conclusion: It was concluded that there is high inter-rater and intra-rater reliability through two-dimensional analysis using the Step Down Test in professional soccer athletes. Level of evidence II; Development of diagnostic criteria in consecutive patients (with a "gold" reference standard applied).
RESUMO Introdução: Os métodos bidimensionais (2D) de avaliação dinâmica de valgo de joelho são populares devido ao baixo custo e à grande facilidade de implementação. Acredita-se que o valgo dinâmico do joelho seja um dos principais responsáveis pelas lesões do ligamento cruzado anterior sem contato direto. Existem duas categorias de confiabilidade com relação aos coletores de dados: confiabilidade entre vários coletores, que é a confiabilidade interavaliador e a confiabilidade de um único coletor de dados, denominada confiabilidade intra-avaliador. Objetivos: Avaliar a confiabilidade intra e interavaliadores durante o Step Down Test em atletas profissionais de futebol, utilizando angulações iniciais e finais de cada repetição do teste. Métodos: A amostra foi composta por 29 jogadores de futebol profissional. Todos os participantes do estudo foram considerados livres de qualquer lesão musculoesquelética por fisioterapeutas do clube e estavam realizando tarefas diárias de treinamento. Dois avaliadores do sexo masculino participaram do estudo. Resultados: Para cada grupo de dados, a média e o desvio padrão foram determinados. A confiabilidade intra e interavaliadores de todos os dados foi determinada pelo coeficiente de correlação intraclasse (ICC), com intervalo de confiança de 95% e alfa de p ≤ 0,05. O avaliador 1 foi classificado no primeiro passo intra-avaliador da análise para toque do calcanhar com boa a excelente confiabilidade. Para análise interavaliadores, tanto para o toque do calcanhar quanto para maior ângulo valgo, houve excelente confiabilidade entre os avaliadores. Conclusão: Existe alta confiabilidade interavaliador e intra-avaliador por meio da análise bidimensional utilizando o Teste Step Down em atletas profissionais de futebol. Nível de evidência II; Desenvolvimento de critérios diagnósticos em pacientes consecutivos (com padrão de referência "ouro" aplicado).
RESUMEN Introducción: Los métodos bidimensionales (2D) de evaluación dinámica de valgo de rodilla son populares debido al bajo costo y a la gran facilidad de implementación. Se cree que el valgo dinámico de rodilla sea uno de los principales responsables por las lesiones del ligamiento cruzado anterior sin contacto directo. Existen dos categorías de confiabilidad con relación a los colectores de datos: confiabilidad entre varios colectores, que es la confiablidad interevaluador y la confiabilidad de un único colector de datos, denominada confiabilidad intraevaluador. Objetivos: Evaluar la confiabilidad intra e interevaluadores durante el Step Down Test en atletas profesionales de fútbol, utilizando angulaciones iniciales y finales de cada repetición del test. Métodos: La amuestra fue compuesta por 29 jugadores de fútbol profesional. Todos los participantes del estudio fueron considerados libres de cualquier lesión musculoesquelética por fisioterapeutas del club y estaban realizando tareas diarias de entrenamiento. Dos evaluadores de sexo masculino participaron del estudio. Resultados: Para cada grupo de datos, fueron determinados el promedio y la derivación estándar. La confiabilidad intra e interevaluadores de todos los datos fue determinada por el coeficiente de correlación intraclase (ICC), con intervalo de confianza de 95% y alfa de p ≤ 0,05. El evaluador 1 fue clasificado en el primer paso interevaluador del análisis para toque del talón con buena a excelente confiabilidad. Para análisis interevaluadores tanto para o toque del talón como para mayor ángulo valgo, hubo excelente confiabilidad entre los evaluadores. Conclusión: Existe alta confiabilidad interevaluador e intraevaluador por medio del análisis bidimensional utilizando el Test Step Down en atletas profesionales de fútbol. Nivel de evidencia II; Desarrollo de criterios diagnósticos en pacientes consecutivos (con estándar de referencia "oro" aplicado).
RESUMEN
O objetivo foi verificar se o Pilates promove mudanças na ativação muscular do membro inferior e melhorias em relação à exaustão e ao desempenho funcional dos jogadores. Participaram 15 jogadores, divididos em Grupo Pilates (GP, n=7) e Grupo Controle (GC, n=8). O GP realizou 15 sessões por cinco semanas. Avaliaram-se a exaustão e a ativação muscular [Reto Femoral (RF), Bíceps Femoral (BF), Glúteo Máximo (GM) e Reto do Abdome (RA)] durante o side hop test antes e após a intervenção. O GP sobre a exaustão mostrou diferença significativa entre pré e pós-intervenção (comparado ao próprio GP) com a eletromiografia (EMG) (p=0,01) e sem a EMG (p=0,01); em relação à ativação muscular, houve diminuição para todos os músculos, exceto para o GC. O Pilates é capaz de diminuir a exaustão e modificar a ativação muscular para possível aprendizagem motora; e quanto ao desempenho funcional não houve melhora significativa.
The objective was to verify whether Pilates promotes changes in muscle activation of the lower limb and improvements in relation to exhaustion and functional performance of soccer players. Participants were 15 players divided into Pilates Group (GP, n = 7) and Control Group (GC, n = 8). The GP held 15 sessions over five weeks. Exhaustion and muscle activation [rectus femoris (RF), biceps femoris (BF), gluteus maximus (GM) and rectus abdominis (RA)] were evaluated during the side hop test before and after intervention. The GP on exhaustion showed a significant difference between pre- and post-intervention (compared to GP itself) with electromyography (EMG) (p = 0.01) and without EMG (p = 0.01). In relation to muscle activation, there was a decrease for all muscles, except for GC. Pilates is able to reduce exhaustion and changes muscle activation for possible motor learning; and as for functional performance, there was no significant improvement.
RESUMEN
RESUMO Analisar o desempenho muscular respiratório em praticantes de exercícios utilizando o aparelho Reformer do Método Pilates após um treinamento de 12 sessões. O estudo foi realizado com 24 voluntárias, adultas jovens, saudáveis, não tabagistas e não praticantes de exercício físico regular, divididas em Grupo Controle (GC) e Grupo Treinado (GT). Os dois grupos foram submetidos às avaliações inicial e final para análise do desempenho dos músculos respiratórios por meio da manovacuometria e da eletromiografia do músculo reto abdominal. Utilizou-se o teste de Shapiro-Wilk para verificar a normalidade dos dados. A análise de variância two-way foi empregada para as comparações entre os grupos (GT e GC) e os momentos (inicial e final). Para comparações múltiplas, utilizou-se o teste post-hoc de Scheffé. Os GC e GT foram pareados para idade e IMC e, para verificação de diferenças entre os grupos, utilizou-se o teste t pareado. Considerou-se p<0,05 para significância. Houve diferença significante (p=0,039) entre os valores iniciais (116,6 ± 12,8) e finais (120 ± 12,8) de PImáx no GT, assim como entre os valores iniciais (75,3 ± 12,4) e finais (89,3 ± 13,7) de PEmáx nesse mesmo grupo (p=0,0005). Para a eletromiografia houve diferença significante (p=0,03) entre o momento inicial (42,1 ± 15,8) e final (76,7 ± 37,1) do GT para o músculo reto abdominal esquerdo. Conclui-se que as doze sessões de Pilates utilizando o aparelho Reformer melhoraram o desempenho muscular respiratório, aumentando a força da musculatura inspiratória e expiratória.
RESUMEN Evaluar el rendimiento de los músculos respiratorios en practicantes de ejercicios utilizando el método Reformer de Pilates después de un entrenamiento de 12 sesiones. Este estudio se realizó con 24 voluntarios, adultos jóvenes, sanos, no fumadores y no deportistas regulares, siendo divididos en grupo control (GC) y grupo entrenado (GE). El GE participó en un programa de entrenamiento ejecutando 6 ejercicios en el aparato Reformer. Ambos grupos se sometieron a evaluaciones iniciales y finales para analizar el rendimiento de los músculos respiratorios mediante la manovacuometría y la electromiografía del músculo recto abdominal. La prueba de Shapiro-Wilk se utilizó para verificar la normalidad de los datos. Se utilizó el análisis de varianza two-way para las comparaciones entre los grupos (GE y GC) y los momentos (inicial y final). Para comparaciones múltiples, se utilizó la prueba post-hoc de Scheffé. El GC y el GE se emparejaron por edad e IMC mediante la prueba t pareada. Se consideró el valor de significación p<0,05. Se observó una diferencia significativa (p=0,039) entre los valores iniciales (116,6 ± 12,8) y finales (120 ± 12,8) de PImax en el grupo entrenado, así como entre los valores de iniciales (75,3 ± 12,4) y finales (89,3 ± 13,7) de PEmax en el mismo grupo (p=0,0005). En la electromiografía, se observó una diferencia significativa (p=0,03) entre los momentos inicial (42,1 ± 15,8) y final (76,7 ± 37,1) del GE para el músculo recto abdominal izquierdo. Se concluye que las 12 sesiones de Pilates utilizando el aparato Reformer mejoran el rendimiento de los músculos respiratorios, aumentando la fuerza muscular inspiratoria y espiratoria.
ABSTRACT To analyze respiratory muscle performance in exercise practitioners using the Reformer of Pilates method after a 12-session training. This study was carried out with 24 volunteers, healthy young adults, non-smokers and non-regular exercisers, divided into control group (CG) and trained group (TG). The TG participated in a training program executing 6 exercises in the Reformer apparatus. Both groups were submitted to the initial and final evaluations to analyze the performance of the respiratory muscles through the manovacuometry and electromyography of the rectus abdominis muscle. The Shapiro-Wilk test was used to verify the data normality. Two-way analysis of variance was used for the comparisons between the groups (TG and CG) and moments (Initial and Final). For multiple comparisons, the Scheffé post hoc test was used. The groups Control and Trained were paired by age and BMI by paired t test. P <0.05 was considered for significance. A significant difference (p=0039) was observed between the initial (116.6 ± 12.8) and final (120 ± 12.8) values of MIP in the trained group, as well as between baseline values (75.3 ± 12.4) and final (89.3 ± 13.7) of MEP in the same group (p=0.0005). For electromyography, a significant difference (p=0.03) was observed between the initial (42.1 ± 15.8) and final (76.7 ± 37.1) moments of the TG for the left rectus abdominis muscle. The conclusion is that the 12 Pilates sessions using the Reformer apparatus improve respiratory muscle performance, increasing the inspiratory and expiratory muscle strength.
Asunto(s)
Humanos , Femenino , Adulto , Músculos Respiratorios/fisiología , Técnicas de Ejercicio con Movimientos/instrumentación , Técnicas de Ejercicio con Movimientos/métodos , Fuerza Muscular/fisiología , Espirometría/métodos , Ejercicios Respiratorios/métodos , Estudios Longitudinales , Recto del Abdomen/fisiología , Electromiografía , Presiones Respiratorias MáximasRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: : Evaluate the probable relationship among plantar arch, lumbar curvature, and low back pain. METHODS: : Fifteen healthy women were assessed taking in account personal data and anthropometric measurements, photopodoscopic evaluation of the plantar arch, and biophotogrammetric postural analysis of the patient (both using the SAPO software), as well as evaluation of lumbar pain using a Visual Analog Scale (VAS). The average age of the participants was 30.45 (±6.25) years. RESULTS: : Of the feet evaluated, there were six individuals with flat feet, five with high arch, and four with normal feet. All reported algic syndrome in the lumbar spine, with the highest VAS values for the volunteers with high arch. Correlation was observed between the plantar arch and the angle of the lumbar spine (r = -0.71, p = 0.004) CONCLUSION: High arch was correlated with more intense algic syndrome, while there was moderate positive correlation between flat foot and increased lumbar curvature, and between high arch and lumbar correction. Level of Evidence IV. Case Series .