RESUMEN
PURPOSE: Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) are not recommended in adult Fontan patients (Level of Evidence C). We hypothesized that DOACs are comparable to warfarin and do not increase thrombotic and embolic complications (TEs) or clinically significant bleeds. METHODS: We reviewed the medical records of adult Fontan patients on DOACs or warfarin at three major medical centers. We identified 130 patients: 48 on DOACs and 107 on warfarin. In total, they were treated for 810 months on DOACs and 5637 months on warfarin. RESULTS: The incidence of TEs in patients on DOACs compared to those on warfarin was not increased in a statistically significant way (hazard ratio [HR] 1.7 and p value 0.431). Similarly, the incidence of nonmajor and major bleeds in patients on DOACs compared to those on warfarin was also not increased in a statistically significant way (HR for nonmajor bleeds in DOAC patients was 2.8 with a p value of 0.167 and the HR for major bleeds was 2.0 with a p value 0.267). In multivariate analysis, congestive heart failure (CHF) was a risk factor for TEs across both groups (odds ratio [OR] = 4.8, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.3-17.6) and bleed history was a risk factor for clinically significant bleeds (OR = 6.8, 95% CI = 2.7-17.2). CONCLUSION: In this small, retrospective multicenter study, the use of DOACs did not increase the risk of TEs or clinically significant bleeds compared to warfarin in a statistically significant way.
Asunto(s)
Fibrilación Atrial , Accidente Cerebrovascular , Humanos , Adulto , Warfarina/efectos adversos , Anticoagulantes/efectos adversos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Fibrilación Atrial/tratamiento farmacológico , Hemorragia/inducido químicamente , Hemorragia/epidemiología , Administración Oral , Accidente Cerebrovascular/epidemiología , Estudios Multicéntricos como AsuntoRESUMEN
Aortic aneurysm in children is rare, but has been described in the tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) population. While surgical repair has been utilized as the primary means of intervention, we present the first known case reporting exclusion of a descending thoracic aortic aneurysm with percutaneous covered stent implantation in a pediatric patient with TSC. A review of the literature is also included herein.
Asunto(s)
Aneurisma de la Aorta Torácica , Implantación de Prótesis Vascular , Procedimientos Endovasculares , Esclerosis Tuberosa , Aneurisma de la Aorta Torácica/diagnóstico por imagen , Aneurisma de la Aorta Torácica/etiología , Aneurisma de la Aorta Torácica/cirugía , Niño , Humanos , Stents , Resultado del Tratamiento , Esclerosis Tuberosa/complicacionesRESUMEN
Obesity has become increasingly recognized in adults with Fontan palliation, yet the relationship between weight changes in adulthood and Fontan failure is not clearly defined. We hypothesize that increasing weight in adulthood among Fontan patients is associated with the development of Fontan failure. Single-center data from adults with Fontan palliation who were not in Fontan failure at their first clinic visit in adulthood and who received ongoing care were retrospectively collected. Fontan failure was defined as death, transplant, diagnosis of protein losing enteropathy, predicted peak VO2 less than 50%, or new loop diuretic requirement. Anthropometric data including weight and BMI were collected. Change in weight was compared between those that developed Fontan failure, and those that remained failure-free. To estimate the association between weight change during adulthood and the risk of developing Fontan failure, a survival analysis using multiple Cox's proportional hazards regression model was performed. Overall, 104 patients were included in the analysis. Those that developed Fontan failure had a larger associated median weight gain than those who remained failure-free (7.8 kg vs. 4.9 kg, respectively; p = 0.011). In multivariable Cox regression analysis, increased weight during adulthood was associated with increased likelihood of developing Fontan failure (HR 1.36; CI 1.07-1.73; p = 0.011). Weight gain in adulthood is associated with the development of Fontan failure.
Asunto(s)
Peso Corporal/fisiología , Procedimiento de Fontan/efectos adversos , Cardiopatías Congénitas/cirugía , Aumento de Peso/fisiología , Adolescente , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de Riesgo , Factores de Tiempo , Insuficiencia del Tratamiento , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: Optimal donor sizing for heart transplantation (HT) in adults with congenital heart disease (CHD) remains unclear, given the propensity for pulmonary hypertension related to shunting, staged repairs, and periods of pulmonary overcirculation. We studied HT outcomes related to donor size matching in the adult CHD population. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort analysis of patients with CHD undergoing HT in the United States from January 1, 2000, to December 31, 2015. Patients were selected from the United Network for Organ Sharing database; 827 patients met inclusion criteria and were analyzed. RESULTS: At a median follow-up of 1462 days, 548 (66.3%) subjects were alive and 279 (33.7%) were deceased. All-cause mortality did not differ based on donor sizing (by predicted heart mass ratio: hazard ratio, 1.03; confidence interval, 0.86-1.23; P = .74). Pulmonary hypertension was not significantly associated with survival (by predicted heart mass ratio, χ2 = 2.01, P = .73). CONCLUSIONS: Our data demonstrate that donor oversizing, to the extent used in current practice, does not affect survival after HT in adults with CHD. Our findings from the United Network for Organ Sharing database demonstrate that donor oversizing in these patients is not associated with improved mortality.
Asunto(s)
Selección de Donante , Cardiopatías Congénitas/cirugía , Trasplante de Corazón , Donantes de Tejidos , Adulto , Factores de Edad , Femenino , Cardiopatías Congénitas/diagnóstico por imagen , Cardiopatías Congénitas/fisiopatología , Trasplante de Corazón/efectos adversos , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Medición de Riesgo , Factores de Riesgo , Factores de Tiempo , Resultado del Tratamiento , Estados Unidos , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
A 49-year-old female with congenitally corrected (or levo-) transposition of the great arteries complicated by nonischemic cardiomyopathy presented for worsening heart failure despite guideline-directed medical therapy and was found to be in cardiogenic shock. She successfully underwent ventricular assist device placement with a HeartMate III to her systemic right ventricle as a bridge to transplantation.
Asunto(s)
Cardiomiopatías , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/cirugía , Corazón Auxiliar , Transposición de los Grandes Vasos/cirugía , Femenino , Insuficiencia Cardíaca/etiología , Ventrículos Cardíacos/fisiopatología , Ventrículos Cardíacos/cirugía , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Choque Cardiogénico/cirugía , Transposición de los Grandes Vasos/fisiopatología , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
SETTING: Fontan-associated liver disease universally affects adults with single ventricle heart disease. Chronic kidney disease is also highly prevalent in adult Fontan patients. In this study, we evaluate the relationship of Fontan hemodynamics invasively and noninvasively with extra-cardiac dysfunction as measured by MELD and MELD-XI. OBJECTIVE: We hypothesize that invasive and noninvasive measures of Fontan circuit congestion and ventricular dysfunction are associated with increased MELD and MELD-XI scores. DESIGN: Single-center data from adults with Fontan palliation who had ongoing care, including cardiac catheterization, were retrospectively collected. Hemodynamic data from cardiac catheterization and echocardiographic assessment of ventricular and atrioventricular valve function were tested for association with serum creatinine, MELD, and MELD-XI. Linear regression was used to perform multivariable analysis in the echocardiogram cohort. RESULTS: Fifty-seven patients had congruent lab and catheterization data for analysis. Sixty-three and sixty-nine patients had congruent lab and echocardiogram data for MELD and MELD-XI, respectively. Of the hemodynamic variables analyzed, only decreased systemic oxygen saturation had significant correlation with elevated MELD and MELD-XI (P = .045). Patients with moderately or severely reduced ejection fraction by echocardiogram had significantly higher MELD and MELD-XI scores compared to those with normal or mildly depressed systolic ventricular function (P = .008 and P < .001 for MELD and MELD-XI, respectively). Significant differences in creatinine were also found among the ventricular dysfunction groups (P = .02). CONCLUSIONS: In adults following Fontan palliation, systolic ventricular dysfunction and decreased oxygen saturation were associated with hepatic and renal dysfunction as assessed by elevated serum creatinine, MELD, and MELD-XI scores.
Asunto(s)
Procedimiento de Fontan/efectos adversos , Cardiopatías Congénitas/cirugía , Ventrículos Cardíacos/cirugía , Enfermedades Renales/etiología , Hepatopatías/etiología , Complicaciones Posoperatorias , Disfunción Ventricular Izquierda/complicaciones , Adolescente , Adulto , Cateterismo Cardíaco , Niño , Preescolar , Ecocardiografía , Femenino , Cardiopatías Congénitas/diagnóstico , Ventrículos Cardíacos/anomalías , Ventrículos Cardíacos/diagnóstico por imagen , Humanos , Incidencia , Enfermedades Renales/epidemiología , Hepatopatías/epidemiología , Masculino , Estudios Retrospectivos , Estados Unidos/epidemiología , Disfunción Ventricular Izquierda/diagnóstico , Disfunción Ventricular Izquierda/fisiopatología , Función Ventricular Izquierda/fisiología , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Purulent pericarditis is a rare diagnosis with life-threatening implications due to the rapid accumulation of pericardial material, swiftly progressing to tamponade physiology. The nature of its quickly evolving and severe implications demands a low threshold for diagnostic consideration where appropriate. We present an unusual case of purulent pericarditis secondary to Streptococcus intermedius in a previously healthy male adolescent without traditional risk factors, which raises the question of whether emergent S. intermedius species may have acquired novel molecular mechanisms.