Wakabayashi & Daimon cardiometabolic index as an indicator to assess risk in adults. A systematic review.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the Wakabayashi & Daimon (2015) equation, as a predictive indicator of cardiometabolic diseases and its comparison with other indices. DESIGN: A systematic review was carried out between January and March 2023, according to the PRISMA statement. DATA SOURCE: Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed databases were reviewed using "cardiometabolic index" (CMI) as the search term. STUDY SELECTION: The following inclusion criteria were determined: studies in adults with cardiometabolic diseases using the Wakabayashi & Daimon (2015) CMI formula in different populations; studies that validate or compare the equation or that demonstrate the effects of the intervention. DATA EXTRACTION: Of the 11 selected articles, the characteristics of the population, type of study, indicators for the validation of the CMI, the reported statistics and the conclusions that were recorded in a comparative table were obtained. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Odds ratio, hazard ratio, sensitivity, and specificity were used to assess associations, risk, effectiveness, and validity of the tests, indicating favorable relationships between the factors analyzed and the results obtained. Validation and probabilistic analysis of the CMI were performed against diverse diseases such as obesity [Man >60y=AUC=0.90 (0.75-1.00) (p=0.01), Se=100, Sp=81.8, YI=0.82 and OR 4.66 and Women >60y=AUC=0.95 (0.88-1.00), p=0.001, Se=90.0, Sp=100, YI=0.90 and OR=36.27]; cardiovascular diseases [AUC=0.617, Se=0.675, Sp=0.509; HR=1.48 (1.33, 1.65), p=<0.001], among others. In conclusion CMI is a new utility index that broadly identifies the presence of risk that leads to cardiometabolic diseases in adults.

[Moderate exercise and intake of either high or low glycemic index carbohydrates in sedentary women]. / Ejercicio moderado y consumo de alimentos de alto y bajo índice glucémico en mujeres sedentarias.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze changes in blood glucose, insulin and triglyceride concentrations in relation to a moderate aerobic exercise in sedentary women of different body weight, exposed to either a high or low glycemic index carbohydrates diet. DISEñO: Cross-over type. SITE: Research was performed in the Exercise Physiology Laboratory at Facultad de Ciencias de la Cultura Física, Universidad Autónoma de Chihuahua, México. PARTICIPANTS: Twenty-six young sedentary women who did not exercise in the last year participated in the study. Four of adequate weight (AW) and 2 with obesity (OB) were excluded for not consuming the suggested carbohydrates (1gr/kg of weight) nor completed the programed exercise. There were n=10 in each group (AW/OB). INTERVENTION: Two treatments of 55minutes of aerobic exercise each were applied one day after consuming either high or low glycemic index carbohydrates. MAIN MEASUREMENTS: Plasmatic glucose, insulin, and triglycerides were determined before and after the scheduled exercise. RESULTS: Glucose, insulin, and triglycerides were higher in OB than in AW at baseline. Glucose was normalized in OB from 5.8±0.35 to 5.3±0.23 mmol/L (P=.001), only by eating foods with low glycemic index; triglycerides increased from 139.5±66.0 to 150.8±67.2mg/dl (P=.004) at the end of the exercise, after consumption of low glycemic index carbohydrates. CONCLUSION: Elevation of triglycerides secondary to exercise after consumption of low glycemic index seems to indicate an increase of lipid oxidation in OB.

Prevalence of Polymorphism and Post-Training Expression of ACTN3 (R/X) and ACE (I/D) Genes in CrossFit Athletes.

BACKGROUND: CrossFit is known as a functional fitness training high-intensity exercise to improve physical performance. The most studied polymorphisms are the ACTN3 R577X gene, known for speed, power, and strength, and ACE I/D, related to endurance and strength. The present investigation analyzed the effects of training on ACTN3 and ACE gene expression in CrossFit athletes for 12 weeks. METHODS: the studies included 18 athletes from the Rx category, where ACTN3 (RR, RX, XX) and ACE (II, ID, DD) characterization of genotypes and tests of maximum strength (NSCA), power (T-Force), and aerobic endurance (Course Navette) were performed. The technique used was the reverse transcription-quantitative PCR real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) for the relative expression analysis. RESULTS: the relative quantification (RQ) values for the ACTN3 gene increased their levels 2.3 times (p = 0.035), and for ACE, they increased 3.0 times (p = 0.049). CONCLUSIONS: there is an overexpression of the ACTN3 and ACE genes due to the effect of training for 12 weeks. Additionally, the correlation of the expression of the ACTN3 (p = 0.040) and ACE (p = 0.030) genes with power was verified.

[Physical exercise and loss of weight and body mass index in bariatric surgery: a systematic review]. / Ejercicio físico y disminución del peso y el índice de masa corporal en la cirugía bariátrica: una revisión sistemática.

INTRODUCTION: Introduction: bariatric surgery is considered successful when the percentage of weight loss is equal to or higher than 25 %, or when the percentage loss of body mass index occurs above 50 % long-term. Objective: to analyze the effect of physical exercise on body weight and body mass index before and/or after bariatric surgery. Methodology: articles registered in the PudMed, Scopus and Web of Science databases were searched for original papers with open access in English and Spanish that compared one or more physical exercise programs as treatment before and/or after bariatric surgery, with results on initial and final weight and body mass index, muscle mass, and fat mass from January to April 2021. Results: a total of 730 articles were obtained in the different databases and only 7 were selected for the analysis. Aerobic exercise combined with resistance training showed a greater decrease in the percentage of weight loss (% PP) and the percentage of loss of body mass index (% PBMI). Conclusions: aerobic physical exercise in combination with endurance training is the most applied program in subjects with bariatric surgery, and the most important effects are an increase in percentage of weight loss and a decrease in body mass index.

INTRODUCCIÓN: Introducción: la cirugía bariátrica se considera exitosa cuando el porcentaje de pérdida de peso es igual o superior al 25 % o bien cuando el porcentaje de pérdida de índice de masa corporal ocurre por encima del 50 % a largo plazo. Objetivo: analizar el efecto del ejercicio físico en el peso corporal y el índice de masa corporal antes y después de la cirugía bariátrica. Metodología: se buscaron artículos registrados en las bases de datos de PudMed, Scopus y Web of Science, de artículos originales con acceso abierto en inglés y español que compararan uno o varios programas de ejercicio físico como tratamiento antes y/o después de la cirugía bariátrica, con resultados de peso e índice de masa corporal inicial y final, masa muscular y masa grasa, de enero a abril de 2021. Resultados: se obtuvieron en total 730 artículos de las diferentes bases de datos y solo 7 se seleccionaron para el análisis. El ejercicio aerobio combinado con el entrenamiento de resistencia mostró una mayor disminución del porcentaje de peso perdido (% PP) y del porcentaje perdido de índice de masa corporal (% PIMC). Conclusiones: el ejercicio físico aerobio, en combinación con el entrenamiento de resistencia, es el programa más aplicado a los sujetos con cirugia bariátrica y los efectos más importantes son el aumento del porcentaje de pérdida de peso y la disminución del índice de masa corporal.

Moderating effect of bone maturation on the relationship between body fat and insulin resistance.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study was to analyze the moderating effect of maturation on the relationship between body fat and insulin resistance, in children from 9 to 12 years. METHODS: Maturity offset, homeostasis model assessment index of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and body fat percentage (BF%) were estimated in 127 children. Skeletal maturation indicator (SMI) was estimated in 105 participants. A moderation analysis based on a linear regression and on Johnson-Neyman technique was performed using a 95% confidence level. RESULTS: BF%, insulin levels, and HOMA-IR values were lower in late maturers than on-time maturers (p<0.05). SMI moderated the relationship between BF% and HOMA-IR index in 11.1% of boys and in 32.5% of girls (p<0.05). Also, the highest values of HOMA-IR index were observed at -1 year to achieve the peak height velocity, in girls (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Maturation process has a moderation effect on the relationship BF% and insulin resistance, particularly in early maturers; furthermore, it was independently associated with HOMA-IR.

[EFFECTS OF INGESTING CARBOHYDRATE-PROTEIN SUPPLEMENTS DURING EXERCISE ON ENDURANCE PERFORMANCE: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW]. / EFECTOS EN EL RENDIMIENTO FÍSICO DE LA INGESTA DE SUPLEMENTOS CON CARBOHIDRATOS Y PROTEÍNA DURANTE EL EJERCICIO: REVISIÓN SISTEMÁTICA.

INTRODUCTION: sports drinks aid to improve physical performance significantly because of its content of carbohydrate, electrolytes and water. However, in recent decades it has been found that drinking a sports drink with protein during exercise improves endurance performance, produces lower losses of body weight induced by dehydration and helps to reduce post-exercise muscle damage compared to a drink only with carbohydrate and electrolytes. PURPOSE: the aim of this study was to analyze the main studies about the effectiveness of a supplement intake with carbohydrate, protein and electrolytes during exercise. METHODS: studies were identified by searching Google Scholar, EBSCO, PubMed and Scopus using the following search terms: Carbohydrate-protein and performance and Added protein and sports drink. The methodological quality of the trials was evaluated, and It was considered that the intake of the supplement has been during exercise. RESULTS: twenty articles were included in this study. Thirteen obtained results were the intake of sports drinks with protein produced significant improvements on endurance performance compared to beverages with carbohydrates and electrolytes alone, or a placebo. DISCUSSION: increase the caloric content of sports drinks to add protein was probably a better strategy than reduce the carbohydrate content to match the amount of calories. CONCLUSIONS: protein intake during exercise demonstrated an ergogenic effect on endurance performance when assessed by time to exhaustion. However, we need more evidence to prove this possible ergogenic effect of protein.

Introducción: las bebidas deportivas ayudan a mejorar el rendimiento físico de forma significativa debido a su aporte de carbohidratos, electrolitos y agua. Sin embargo, en las últimas décadas se ha encontrado que ingerir una bebida deportiva con proteína durante el ejercicio mejora el rendimiento físico, produce menores pérdidas de peso corporal inducidas por la deshidratación y ayuda a disminuir el daño muscular postejercicio en comparación con una bebida únicamente con carbohidratos y electrolitos. Objetivo: analizar los principales estudios sobre la efectividad de la ingesta de un suplemento con carbohidratos, proteína y electrolitos durante el ejercicio. Método: se realizó una búsqueda automatizada en Google académico, EBSCO, PubMEd y Scopus, utilizando las palabras clave: Carbohydrate-protein and performance y Added protein and sports drink. Se evaluó la calidad metodológica de los ensayos y se tomó en cuenta que la ingesta del suplemento fuera durante el ejercicio. Resultados: de los veinte artículos que se incluyeron, trece obtuvieron resultados en los que la ingesta de una bebida deportiva con proteína generó mejoras significativas en el rendimiento físico en comparación con una bebida únicamente con carbohidratos y electrolitos, o un placebo. Discusión: aumentar el contenido calórico de las bebidas deportivas al agregar proteína es probablemente una estrategia más efectiva en comparación con disminuir el contenido de carbohidratos para igualar la cantidad de energía. Conclusiones: el consumo de proteína durante el ejercicio posiblemente sirva como una ayuda ergogénica, retardando el tiempo hasta llegar al agotamiento. Sin embargo, hace falta más evidencia que así lo demuestre.

Índice de asimetría bilateral morfológica de extremidades inferiores y superiores en jugadores de baloncesto universitario / The upper and lower limb bilateral morphological asymmetry index in university basketball players

Introducción: El baloncesto es objeto de múltiples estudios que incluye la valoración mediante tecnologías actuales como la bioimpedancia. Objetivo: Comparar los índices de asimetría (IA) de las extremidades superiores e inferiores en jugadores de baloncesto universitario por nivel deportivo. Método: Se evaluaron 24 jugadores de baloncesto de diferente nivel competitivo, representativo 1) universitario (n = 12) y 2) facultad (n = 12). Se determinó la circunferencia de brazos y piernas, además de masa magra y grasa por bioimpedancia. Se determinó el índice de asimetría de los miembros inferiores y superiores y se compararon por nivel deportivo. Resultados: La comparación de los índices de asimetría entre brazos y piernas en el grupo total identificó diferencias estadísticamente significativas (p < 0,05) en lo referente a la masa grasa, con mayor adiposidad en extremidades superiores, y un índice de asimetría de -10,8. Cuando se compararon las mismas variables en función del nivel deportivo, los jugadores representantes de la universidad mostraron mayores valores (p < 0,05) en el índice de asimetría de la masa total, circunferencias, masa magra y masa grasa. Las comparaciones intergrupales señalan diferencias en los índices de asimetría del brazo vs. la pierna en masa magra para ambos grupos (p < 0,05) mientras que los de la facultad mostraron diferencia también para grasa con índice de asimetría de 18,3 (p < 0,05). Conclusiones: Indistintamente del nivel deportivo, existen diferentes niveles del índice de asimetría entre extremidades superiores e inferiores en el componente de masa grasa, aunque menores valores del índice de asimetría fueron característicos de los individuos de mayor nivel deportivo(AU)

Introduction: Basketball has been the object of many studies, including assessments based on current technologies such as bioimpedance. Objective: Compare the asymmetry indices (AI) for upper and lower limbs in university basketball players. Methods: An evaluation was conducted of 24 basketball players from different competitive levels, representing 1) the university (n = 12) and 2) the school (n = 12). Determination was made of arm and leg circumference, as well as lean mass and fat by bioimpedance. The lower and upper limb asymmetry index was estimated and compared between the competitive levels. Results: Comparison of the arms and legs asymmetry indices in the total group revealed statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) as to fat mass, with greater adiposity in the upper limbs and an asymmetry index of 10.8. Comparison of the same variables between the sports levels found that players representing the university displayed higher values (p < 0.05) in the asymmetry index for total mass, circumferences, lean mass and fat mass. Comparison between the groups found differences in the arm vs. leg asymmetry indices for lean mass in both groups (p < 0.05), whereas the school players also showed differences for fat, with an asymmetry index of 18.3 (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Regardless of the sports level, different asymmetry indices are found between upper and lower limbs as to fat mass, though smaller asymmetry index values were characteristic of individuals from a higher sports level(AU)

[METHODS OF EVALUATION OF MUSCLE MASS: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIALS]. / MÉTODOS DE EVALUACIÓN DE LA MASA MUSCULAR: UNA REVISIÓN SISTEMÁTICA DE ENSAYOS CONTROLADOS ALEATORIOS.

INTRODUCTION: in recent years, research about muscle mass has gained popularity for their relationship to health. Thus precise measurement of muscle mass may have clinical application once may interfere with the diagnosis and prescription drug or drug treatment. OBJECTIVE: to conduct a systematic review of the methods most used for evaluation of muscle mass in randomized controlled trials, with its advantages and disadvantages. METHODS: we conducted a search of the data bases Pub- Med, Web of Science and Scopus, with words "muscle mass", "measurement", "assessment" and "evaluation", combined in this way: "muscle mass" AND (assessment OR measurement OR evaluation). RESULTS: 23 studies were recovered and analyzed, all in English. 69.56% only used a method for quantification of muscle mass; 69.57% used dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA); in 45.46% the type of measure used was the body lean mass; and 51.61% chose the whole body as a site of measurement. CONCLUSIONS: in the randomized controlled trials analyzed the majority used just one method of assessment, with the DXA being the method most used, the body lean mass the measurement type most used and total body the most common site of measure.

Introducción: en los últimos años las investigaciones sobre la masa muscular han cobrado popularidad por su relación con la salud. Así, la medición precisa de la masa muscular puede tener aplicación clínica, ya que puede interferir en el diagnóstico y prescripción del tratamiento medicamentoso o no medicamentoso. Objetivo: realizar una revisión sistemática de los métodos más utilizados para la evaluación de la masa muscular en ensayos controlados aleatorios, con sus ventajas y desventajas. Método: se llevó a cabo una búsqueda en las bases de datos Pubmed, Web of Science y Scopus, con las palabras muscle mass, measurement, assessment y evaluation, combinadas de esta manera: "muscle mass" AND (measurement OR assessment OR evaluation). Resultados: 23 estudios fueron recuperados y analizados, todos ellos en inglés. El 69,56% utilizaron solamente un método para la cuantificación de la masa muscular; el 69,57% utilizaron la doble absorciometría de rayos X (DXA); en el 45,46% el tipo de medida utilizado fue la masa corporal total libre de grasa; y el 51,61% eligieron el cuerpo total como sitio de medida. Conclusiones: en los ensayos controlados aleatorios analizados la mayor parte utilizó apenas un método de evaluación, siendo la DXA el método más empleado, la masa corporal total libre de grasa el tipo de medida más utilizado y el cuerpo total el sitio de medida más común.

How is my teaching? teaching styles among Mexican physical education teachers / Bomo está meu ensino?: estilos de ensino entre professores de educação física mexicanos / ¿Como es mi enseñanza?: estilos de enseñanza entre docentes mexicanos de educación física

Abstract Purpose: To compare teaching styles (TS) and years of experience among Mexican Physical Education (PE) teachers. Method: 129 PE teachers from the City of Chihuahua completed the Teaching Styles in Physical Education questionnaire; average age: 42.3 (±9.6) years; average time teaching PE: 15.7 (±7.9) years. Subjects were divided in 6 groups according to years of experience: -6, 6-11, 12-17, 18-23, 24-29 and 30+. Results: no differences were found in traditional TS among groups, but all PE teachers showed high tendency to use that TS. The 30+ group showed values higher than 6-11 (p<0.05). Conclusion: There is a tendency to implement a traditional teaching style, although years of experience allow PE teachers to use teaching styles that fit students' needs and their interest to participate in Physical Education classes.

Resumo Objetivo: comparar estilos de ensino (EE) e anos de experiência entre professores de Educação Física (EF) mexicanos. Método: 129 professores de EF da cidade de Chihuahua, média de idade: 42,3 anos (± 9,6) anos; experiência como professor de EF: 15,7 (± 7,9) anos; completaram o Questionário sobre EE em EF. Os sujeitos foram divididos em seis grupos de acordo com os anos de experiência: - 6, 6-11, 12-17, 18-23, 24-29 e 30+. Resultados: não foram encontradas diferenças em EE tradicional por grupo, mas todos os professores de EF mostraram tendência elevada a usar esse EE. O grupo 30+ apresentou valores superiores ao grupo 6-11 entre estilo cognitivo e escala criativa (p <0,05). Conclusão: há uma tendência a implementar o EE tradicional, embora os anos de experiência permitam aos professores de EF usar um EE ajustado às necessidades e interesses dos alunos em participar do curso de EF.

Resumen Propósito: comparar estilos de enseñanza (EE) y años de experiencia entre docentes de Educación Física (EF) mexicanos. Método: 129 maestros de EF de la ciudad de Chihuahua, MX, edad: 42,3 (±9,6) años, experiencia como maestro de EF: 15,7 (±7,9) años, completaron el cuestionario de Estilos de Enseñanza en Educación Física. Los sujetos fueron divididos en seis grupos de acuerdo con los años de experiencia: -6, 6-11, 12-17, 18-23, 24-29 y 30+. Resultados: sin diferencias encontradas en grupo de EE tradicional, sin embargo, todos los docentes de EF mostraron alta tendencia al uso de este EE. El grupo de 30+ mostró valores mayores que el grupo 6-11 entre estilo cognitivo y escala creativa (p<0,05). Conclusión: hay una tendencia en implementar el EE tradicional, aunque los años de experiencia permiten que docentes de EF utilicen un EE ajustándose a las necesidades e intereses de los estudiantes en participar en la clase de EF.

[Are antioxidant supplements effective in reducing delayed onset muscle soreness? A systematic review]. / ¿Son efectivos los suplementos antioxidantes en la disminución del dolor muscular tardío? Una revisión sistemática.

INTRODUCTION: In recent years, antioxidant supplements have become popular to counter the effects of free radicals and muscle damage symptoms, including delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS). AIM: To conduct a systematic review in different databases to determine the effects of antioxidant supplements on DOMS. METHODS: We conducted a search in databases; Cochrane, Pubmed, Scopus and SportDiscus and Web of Science (WOS). The words and acronyms used were; Delayed onset muscle soreness, exercise induced muscle damage, DOMS, EIMD, antioxidant and oxidative stress. RESULTS: 54 articles were identified of which 48 were retreived, all in English, 17 related to vitamin C and E, supplements polyphenolic correspond to fourteen, eleven other antioxidant supplements and six to commercial supplements, all of them used to diminish the DOMS and other variables. CONCLUSIONS: Both vitamins and commercial supplements have low effectiveness in reducing DOMS, while polyphenols and other antioxidant supplements show moderate to good effectiveness in combating DOMS. However, most of the studies have effectiveness in reducing other symptoms of muscle damage besides helping in the post-exercise recovery.

Introducción: En los últimos años los suplementos antioxidantes han cobrado popularidad para contrarrestar los efectos de los radicales libres y los síntomas del daño muscular, entre los que se encuentra el dolor muscular tardío (DMT). Objetivo: realizar una revisión sistemática en diferentes bases de datos para conocer los efectos de los suplementos antioxidantes sobre el DMT. Método: Se llevó a cabo una búsqueda en las bases de datos; Cochrane Library, Pubmed, Scopus y SportDiscus y la Web Of Science (WOS). Las palabras y acrónimos usados fueron; Delayed onset muscle soreness, exercise induced muscle damage, DOMS, EIMD, antioxidant y oxidative stress. Resultados: Se identificaron 54 artículos de los cuales se recuperaron 48, todos ellos en inglés, 17 relacionados con la vitamina C y E, catorce corresponden a suplementos polifenòlicos, once a otros suplementos antioxidantes y seis a suplementos comerciales todos ellos usados para combatir, entre otras variables, el DMT. Conclusiones: Tanto las vitaminas como los suplementos comerciales presentan baja efectividad en la disminución del DMT, mientras que los polifenoles y otros suplementos antioxidantes muestran entre moderada y buena efectividad en el combate al DMT. Sin embargo, gran parte de los estudios presentan efectividad en la disminución de otros síntomas del daño muscular además de ayudar en la recuperación postejercicio.

Efectividad de los suplementos antioxidantes en la mejoría del desempeño físico atlético. Artículo de revisión / Effectiveness of antioxidant supplements in the improvement of athletic physical performance: Review article

Introducción: En la actualidad se ha incrementado el uso de antioxidantes en el ámbito deportivo, sin embargo, no existe evidencia concluyente del efecto de estas sustancias en la mejora del desempeño físico de los atletas. Objetivo: Determinar la efectividad del uso de suplementos antioxidantes en la mejoría del desempeño físico atlético. Material y Métodos: Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica en bases de datos en línea como Pubmed, Scopus, la Web of Knowledge y el buscador google academic. Se incluyeron solo trabajos originales de estudios doble ciego relacionados con la intervención de un suplemento antioxidante. El periodo de revisión fue del 2009 a diciembre del 2017. Desarrollo: Se identificaron un total de 1053 artículos de los cuales 33 cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión de la revisión. De acuerdo con el tipo de suplemento, 2 correspondieron a vitaminas, 9 a polifenoles, 11 comerciales y los 9 restantes diversos. La antigüedad de los artículos analizados fue de 4,8 ± 2,4 años, en cuanto a la obsolescencia, determinado por el semiperiodo de Burton y Kleber y el índice de Price, fue 5,5 y 61,0 por ciento respectivamente. Conclusiones: Hasta el momento no existe evidencia sólida de que la ingesta de suplementos antioxidantes mejore el desempeño físico atlético. Son pocos los resultados positivos en alguna de las variables evaluadas, por tal motivo se requiere de mayor evidencia para poder dilucidar el efecto de los suplementos antioxidantes(AU)

Introduction: At present, the use of antioxidants in the sports field has increased. However, there is no conclusive evidence of the effect of these substances in improving the physical performance of athletes. Objective: To determine the effectiveness of antioxidant supplements in the improvement of athletic physical performance. Material and Methods: A bibliographic review was carried out through the search on online databases such as Pubmed, Scopus, the Web of Knowledge and Google Scholar search engine. Only original double-blind studies related to the intervention of an antioxidant supplement were included. The review period was from 2009 to December 2017. Development: A total of 1053 articles were identified, of which 33 met the inclusion criteria for the review. Regarding the type of supplement, 2 of them corresponded to vitamins, 9 to polyphenols, 11 to commercials, and the remaining 9 ones to several types. The historic period of the articles analyzed was 4.8 ± 2.4 years in terms of obsolescence, which was determined by the Burton and Kleber half-period and the Price index (5.5 and 61.0 percent respectively). Conclusions: To date, there is no solid evidence that the intake of antioxidant supplements improves physical athletic performance. There are few positive results in some of the evaluated variables; for this reason, more evidence is required to elucidate the effect of antioxidant supplements(AU)