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1.
BMC Womens Health ; 23(1): 196, 2023 04 26.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37101173

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Sexual violence is far more prevalent in most societies than is usually suspected in daily life. However, no study has systematically summarized the global prevalence rate and the major outcomes of sexual violence against women. METHODS: We directed a wide-raging search in the PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science, catalogs since the beginning to December 2022 for relevant reports about the incidence of sexual fighting touching females. The occurrence frequency was assessed with a random-effects model. The heterogeneity was estimated with I 2 values. Differences by research features were assessed over subgroup evaluation and meta-regression. RESULTS: A total of 32 cross-sectional studies were included (a total of 19,125 participants). The pooled sexual violence rate was 0.29 (95% CI = 0.25-0.34). Subgroup analyses found that there was a higher rate of sexual violence against women in 2010-2019 period (0.33, 95% CI = 0.27-0.37), developing countries (0.32, 95% CI = 0.28-0.37), and interview (0.39, 95% CI = 0.29-0.49). The analysis found that more than half of women (0.56, 95% CI = 0.37-0.75) had post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after experiencing sexual violence, and only a third of women considered seeking support (0.34, 95% CI = 0.13-0.55). CONCLUSIONS: Nearly one out of every three (29%) women around the world has been a victim of sexual violence in their life. This current study investigated the status and characteristics of sexual violence against women, which could provide an important reference for police and emergency health services management.


Asunto(s)
Delitos Sexuales , Trastornos por Estrés Postraumático , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Prevalencia , Conducta Sexual , Trastornos por Estrés Postraumático/epidemiología
2.
Sensors (Basel) ; 23(5)2023 Feb 23.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36904677

RESUMEN

A wearable antenna functioning in the 2.4 GHz band for health monitoring and sensing is proposed. It is a circularly polarized (CP) patch antenna made from textiles. Despite its low profile (3.34 mm thickness, 0.027 λ0), an enhanced 3-dB axial ratio (AR) bandwidth is achieved by introducing slit-loaded parasitic elements on top of analysis and observations within the framework of Characteristic Mode Analysis (CMA). In detail, the parasitic elements introduce higher-order modes at high frequencies that may contribute to the 3-dB AR bandwidth enhancement. More importantly, additional slit loading is investigated to preserve the higher-order modes while relaxing strong capacitive coupling invoked by the low-profile structure and the parasitic elements. As a result, unlike conventional multilayer designs, a simple single-substrate, low-profile, and low-cost structure is achieved. While compared to traditional low-profile antennas, a significantly widened CP bandwidth is realized. These merits are important for the future massive application. The realized CP bandwidth is 2.2-2.54 GHz (14.3%), which is 3-5 times that of traditional low-profile designs (thickness < 4 mm, 0.04 λ0). A prototype was fabricated and measured with good results.

3.
Chemistry ; 28(15): e202104287, 2022 Mar 10.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35060212

RESUMEN

The molecularly selective catalysis in enzyme is central to life. However, their functioning mechanism remains elusive. We propose here that the synergistic effects from (i) effective orbital hybridizing and energy gap decreasing via chelating on single Zr atom as the catalytic center, (ii) selective supramolecular encapsulation in the cage, and (iii) piezoelectrical field motivation are able to achieve the enzyme-mimetic molecular selective high performance catalysis. Metal-organic polyhedra (MOPs) are added into a piezoelectrical polymer matrix to achieve the composite structure where ultrasonic treatment motivates redox reactions in the MOP-guest complex. Encapsulated and chelated guest such as Rhodamine B (RhB) is effectively converted with ratios higher than 90 % after 100 min. In comparison, molecules inefficient in either cage encapsulation or chelating with the Zr center can not be converted. This study first proposes a synergistic plot for enzyme-mimetic catalyst realization and is expected to inspire new mentality in efficient catalyst designing.


Asunto(s)
Metales , Catálisis , Metales/química , Oxidación-Reducción
4.
Chem Eng J ; 431: 134005, 2022 Mar 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34899039

RESUMEN

With the outbreak of COVID-19, microbial pollution has gained increasing attention as a threat to human health. Consequently, many research efforts are being devoted to the development of efficient disinfection methods. In this context, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) stands out as a green and broad-spectrum disinfectant, which can be produced and sprayed in the air directly by cavitation in ultrasonic nebulisation. However, the yield of H2O2 obtained by ultrasonic nebulisation is too low to satisfy the requirements for disinfection by spraying and needs to be improved to achieve efficient disinfection of the air and objects. Herein, we report the introduction of a zinc layer into an ultrasonic nebuliser to improve the production of H2O2 and generate additional Zn2+ by self-corrosion, achieving good disinfecting performance. Specifically, a zinc layer was assembled on the oscillator plate of a commercial ultrasonic nebuliser, resulting in a 21-fold increase in the yield of H2O2 and the production of 4.75 µg/mL Zn2+ in the spraying droplets. When the generated water mist was used to treat a bottle polluted with Escherichia coli for 30 min, the sterilisation rate reached 93.53%. This ultrasonic nebulisation using a functional zinc layer successfully enhanced the production of H2O2 while generating Zn2+, providing a platform for the development of new methodologies of spray disinfection.

5.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl ; 60(33): 18303-18308, 2021 Aug 09.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34058045

RESUMEN

Sluggish charge kinetics and low CO2 affinity seriously inhibit CO2 photoreduction. Herein, the synchronous promotion of charge separation and CO2 affinity of Bi4 Ti3 O12 is realized by coupling corona poling and surface I-grafting. Corona poling enhances ferroelectric polarization of Bi4 Ti3 O12 by aligning the domains direction, which profoundly promotes charge transfer along opposite directions across bulk. Surface I-grafting forms a surface local electric field for further separating charge carriers and provides abundant active sites to enhance CO2 adsorption. The two modifications cooperatively further increase the ferroelectric polarization of Bi4 Ti3 O12 , which maximize the separation efficiency of photogenerated charges, resulting in an enhanced CO production rate of 15.1 µmol g-1 h-1 (nearly 9 times) with no sacrificial agents or cocatalysts. This work discloses that ferroelectric polarization and surface ion grafting can promote CO2 photoreduction in a synergistic way.

6.
Int J Med Sci ; 17(18): 3107-3111, 2020.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33173432

RESUMEN

Objective: To evaluate the modified Zhang's 'three-level' technique of retroperitoneal laparoscopic adrenalectomy (RLA) to treat adrenal lesions for patients with BMI of 25-30 Kg/m2. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed in all patients with BMI of 25-30 Kg/m2 in our hospital from January 2014 to December 2019. Those who underwent laparoscopic adrenal surgery were divided into two groups on the basis of the technique used: the Zhang's technique (the ZT group) and the modified technique (the MT group). Results: Herein, 170 operations were included (ZT, 91 patients; MT, 79 patients). RLA was successfully performed in all of them. Compared with the ZT group patients, the MT group patients showed shorter operation time (p = 0.007), lesser intraoperative blood loss (p = 0.023), shorter operation time, earlier postoperative diet recovery (p < 0.001), shorter postoperative drainage time (p < 0.001) and shorter postoperative hospitalization period (p = 0.001). It was also worth noting that the unplanned total adrenalectomy rate was significantly less in the MT group than in the ZT group (0% vs. 10.8%, p = 0.020). There was no significant difference in the complications between the two groups (3.3% vs. 2.5%, p = 0.567). Conclusions: We found that MT was a beneficial retroperitoneal laparoscopic treatment for adrenal lesions in patients who had a BMI of 25-30 Kg/m2. It may provide a reference for the treatment of adrenal surgical diseases in such patients.


Asunto(s)
Enfermedades de las Glándulas Suprarrenales/cirugía , Adrenalectomía/métodos , Laparoscopía/métodos , Sobrepeso/complicaciones , Enfermedades de las Glándulas Suprarrenales/complicaciones , Adrenalectomía/efectos adversos , Adulto , Anciano , Pérdida de Sangre Quirúrgica/estadística & datos numéricos , Índice de Masa Corporal , Femenino , Humanos , Laparoscopía/efectos adversos , Tiempo de Internación/estadística & datos numéricos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Espacio Retroperitoneal/cirugía , Estudios Retrospectivos
7.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A ; 111(40): 14500-5, 2014 Oct 07.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25246537

RESUMEN

Termites normally rely on gut symbionts to decompose organic matter but the Macrotermitinae domesticated Termitomyces fungi to produce their own food. This transition was accompanied by a shift in the composition of the gut microbiota, but the complementary roles of these bacteria in the symbiosis have remained enigmatic. We obtained high-quality annotated draft genomes of the termite Macrotermes natalensis, its Termitomyces symbiont, and gut metagenomes from workers, soldiers, and a queen. We show that members from 111 of the 128 known glycoside hydrolase families are represented in the symbiosis, that Termitomyces has the genomic capacity to handle complex carbohydrates, and that worker gut microbes primarily contribute enzymes for final digestion of oligosaccharides. This apparent division of labor is consistent with the Macrotermes gut microbes being most important during the second passage of comb material through the termite gut, after a first gut passage where the crude plant substrate is inoculated with Termitomyces asexual spores so that initial fungal growth and polysaccharide decomposition can proceed with high efficiency. Complex conversion of biomass in termite mounds thus appears to be mainly accomplished by complementary cooperation between a domesticated fungal monoculture and a specialized bacterial community. In sharp contrast, the gut microbiota of the queen had highly reduced plant decomposition potential, suggesting that mature reproductives digest fungal material provided by workers rather than plant substrate.


Asunto(s)
Isópteros/metabolismo , Plantas/metabolismo , Simbiosis , Termitomyces/metabolismo , Animales , Bacterias/clasificación , Bacterias/genética , Bacterias/metabolismo , Metabolismo de los Hidratos de Carbono , Sistema Digestivo/metabolismo , Sistema Digestivo/microbiología , Femenino , Proteínas Fúngicas/metabolismo , Glicósido Hidrolasas/metabolismo , Interacciones Huésped-Patógeno , Isópteros/genética , Isópteros/microbiología , Masculino , Metagenoma/genética , Consorcios Microbianos/genética , Consorcios Microbianos/fisiología , Oligosacáridos/metabolismo , Polisacáridos/metabolismo , Análisis de Secuencia de ADN , Termitomyces/genética , Termitomyces/fisiología
8.
J Nutr ; 143(6): 852-8, 2013 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23596161

RESUMEN

Assessing the bioavailability of non-heme iron and zinc is essential for recommending diets that meet the increased growth-related demand for these nutrients. We studied the bioavailability of iron and zinc from a rice-based meal in 16 adolescent boys and girls, 13-15 y of age, from 2 government-run residential schools. Participants were given a standardized rice meal (regular) and the same meal with 100 g of guava fruit (modified) with (57)Fe on 2 consecutive days. A single oral dose of (58)Fe in orange juice was given at a separate time as a reference dose. Zinc absorption was assessed by using (70)Zn, administered intravenously, and (67)Zn given orally with meals. The mean hemoglobin concentration was similar in girls (129 ± 7.8 g/L) and boys (126 ± 7.1 g/L). There were no sex differences in the indicators of iron and zinc status except for a higher hepcidin concentration in boys (P < 0.05). The regular and modified meals were similar in total iron (10-13 mg/meal) and zinc (2.7 mg/meal) content. The molar ratio of iron to phytic acid was >1:1, but the modified diet had 20 times greater ascorbic acid content. The absorption of (57)Fe from the modified meal, compared with regular meal, was significantly (P < 0.05) greater in both girls (23.9 ± 11.2 vs. 9.7 ± 6.5%) and boys (19.2 ± 8.4 vs. 8.6 ± 4.1%). Fractional zinc absorption was similar between the regular and modified meals in both sexes. Hepcidin was found to be a significant predictor of iron absorption (standardized ß = -0.63, P = 0.001, R(2) = 0.40) from the reference dose. There was no significant effect of sex on iron and zinc bioavailability from meals. We conclude that simultaneous ingestion of guava fruit with a habitual rice-based meal enhances iron bioavailability in adolescents.


Asunto(s)
Frutas , Hierro de la Dieta/farmacocinética , Oryza/química , Psidium , Zinc/farmacocinética , Absorción , Adolescente , Péptidos Catiónicos Antimicrobianos/sangre , Disponibilidad Biológica , Dieta , Femenino , Hemoglobinas/análisis , Hepcidinas , Humanos , Isótopos de Hierro , Masculino , Estado Nutricional , Factores Sexuales , Isótopos de Zinc
9.
Front Pharmacol ; 14: 1284899, 2023.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37927597

RESUMEN

Whether neoadjuvant therapy confers a survival benefit in advanced prostate cancer (PCa) remains uncertain. The primary endpoints of previous retrospective and phase II clinical studies that used neoadjuvant therapy, including androgen deprivation therapy combined with new-generation androgen receptor signaling inhibitors or chemotherapy, were pathological downstaging, progression-free survival, prostate-specific antigen relief, and local symptom improvement. To the best of our knowledge, no studies have explored the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant therapy in improving the surgical resection rate in cases of unresectable primary tumors of PCa. We first designed this retrospective study to evaluate the potential value of apalutamide as neoadjuvant therapy in improving the resectability rate of radical prostatectomy (RP). We initially reported 7 patients with unresectable primary lesions who underwent neoadjuvant apalutamide treatment for a median of 4 months, and all of them successfully underwent RP treatment. Our study supported apalutamide as neoadjuvant therapy, which helped improve RP's success rate and did not significantly increase perioperative complications, and the neoadjuvant therapy was controllable. Our findings' clinical value and benefit for survival still need further clinical research to confirm.

10.
J Hazard Mater ; 430: 128446, 2022 05 15.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35152105

RESUMEN

Piezocatalysis driven by a gentle force possesses broad application prospects for degrading organic pollutants, sterilisation, wound healing and tissue recovery. The flexible and industrially scalable poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) film is commonly used in piezocatalysis. However, under gentle force action, PVDF composite-based piezocatalysis is poor. Herein, a flexible porous film based on poly(vinylidene fluoride)-hexafluoro propylene (PVDF-HFP) is enhanced with Fenton fillers (α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles). α-Fe2O3 nanoparticles improve the piezoelectric catalysis performance of PVDF-HFP by the ß-phase enhancement and provide Fe3+ to react with H2O2 generated by the piezoelectric film itself, leading to an additional Fenton reaction. Meanwhile, the Fe3+/Fe2+ cycle in the Fenton process accelerates under the piezoelectric field, promoting the Fenton reaction for 6.9% degradation improvement. The study on Fe2O3/PVDF-HFP porous film with the piezo-Fenton reaction under flowing water may help promote new piezocatalysis designs with high efficiency for self-powered environmental purification.


Asunto(s)
Peróxido de Hidrógeno , Polivinilos , Polímeros de Fluorocarbono , Porosidad , Agua
11.
Chem Asian J ; 17(15): e202200278, 2022 Aug 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35596666

RESUMEN

Local and decentralized H2 O2 production via a piezoelectrical process promises smart biological utilization as well as environmental benefits. However, stable, bio/environmentally safe, and easily applied H2 O2 generation materials are still lacking. Here, we report a novel flexible H2 O2 generation polymeric film composed of catalytically inert PVDF-HFP (Poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene)) matrix and SiO2 nanoparticle fillers. The film is bio-/environmentally benign at resting states, but effectively produces H2 O2 upon ultrasonic motivation at a production rate of 492 µmol g SiO 2 - 1 in one hour. Experimental and simulation methods in combination indicate that the effective H2 O2 generation capabilities stem from the synergistic existence of piezoelectrical fields and the air-liquid-solid three-phase regions around the porous film. The chemical conversions are motivated by the adsorbed charges. The silicon hydroxyl groups properly stabilize the *OOH intermediate and facilitate the chemical conversions of 2e- ORR of ambient O2 . We expect the report to inspire H2 O2 piezoelectrical generation materials and promote the novel production strategies of H2 O2 as well as piezoelectrical functional materials.


Asunto(s)
Polivinilos , Dióxido de Silicio , Polímeros de Fluorocarbono , Porosidad
12.
J Cancer ; 13(9): 2970-2981, 2022.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35912010

RESUMEN

This study explored the role of circulating exosomal microRNA-423-5p in the progression of PCa and its molecular mechanism. First, based on the microarray analysis, microRNA-423-5p was at a high expression level in PCa peripheral blood samples. It was demonstrated that microRNA-423-5p expression in serum exosomes of PCa patients was notably higher than that in healthy people as revealed by qRT-PCR. Further studies indicated that overexpressing microRNA-423-5p promoted cell progression of PCa. Microarray analysis and luciferase gene reporter assay illustrated that FRMD3 was targeted by microRNA-423-5p, and its expression was down-regulated by microRNA-423-5p. While FEMD3 knockdown would reverse the repressive effect of silencing microRNA-423-5p on PCa cell functions. In addition, it was exhibited that exosomes carrying microRNA-423-5p could internalize into PCa cells by labeling and tracing exosomes. Cell function assays and animal experiments manifested those exosomes carrying microRNA-423-5p could enhance PCa cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vivo. In conclusion, this study indicated that blood circulating exosomal microRNA-423-5p played important roles in PCa cell functions, and illustrated the molecular mechanism of microRNA-423-5p as an oncogene in PCa.

13.
Adv Sci (Weinh) ; 9(10): e2104168, 2022 04.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35098703

RESUMEN

Rapid advances in wearable electronics and mechno-sensational human-machine interfaces impose great challenges in developing flexible and deformable tactile sensors with high efficiency, ultra-sensitivity, environment-tolerance, and self-sustainability. Herein, a tactile hydrogel sensor (THS) based on micro-pyramid-patterned double-network (DN) ionic organohydrogels to detect subtle pressure changes by measuring the variations of triboelectric output signal without an external power supply is reported. By the first time of pyramidal-patterned hydrogel fabrication method and laminated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) encapsulation process, the self-powered THS shows the advantages of remarkable flexibility, good transparency (≈85%), and excellent sensing performance, including extraordinary sensitivity (45.97 mV Pa-1 ), fast response (≈20 ms), very low limit of detection (50 Pa) as well as good stability (36 000 cycles). Moreover, with the LiBr immersion treatment method, the THS possesses excellent long-term hyper anti-freezing and anti-dehydrating properties, broad environmental tolerance (-20 to 60 °C), and instantaneous peak power density of 20 µW cm-2 , providing reliable contact outputs with different materials and detecting very slight human motions. By integrating the signal acquisition/process circuit, the THS with excellent self-power sensing ability is utilized as a switching button to control electric appliances and robotic hands by simulating human finger gestures, offering its great potentials for wearable and multi-functional electronic applications.


Asunto(s)
Hidrogeles , Tacto , Suministros de Energía Eléctrica , Electrónica , Humanos , Presión
14.
BMC Prim Care ; 23(1): 109, 2022 05 06.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35524197

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Empirical evidence on patients' trust and the factors among primary care institutions (PCIs) in China is limited. This study aimed to investigate patients' trust and explore some associated factors among PCIs in the central region of China. METHODS: The data was collected through a multistage stratified sampling method with a structured self-administered questionnaire, which was distributed from January to March 2021 among 2,287 Chinese patients ever involved in seeking healthcare among PCIs. Patients' trust was measured with the Chinese version of the Wake Forest Physician Trust Scale (C-WFPTS). Differences in C-WFPTS scores among groups were estimated by t-tests or ANOVA analyses. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze influencing factors for patients' trust in primary care physicians. RESULTS: Based on the C-WFPTS with a full score of 50, the average score of patients' trust was 34.19 (SD = 5.83). Multiple linear analyses indicated that the patients who were older aged, married, with education of higher level, living in urban regions, under better health status and with a family doctor contract reported a higher level of patients' trust. CONCLUSION: Patients' trust in primary care physicians was at a medium but slightly improved level in the central region of China. Age, marital status, education, residential area, health status, and a family doctor contract were significant predictors of patients' trust.


Asunto(s)
Médicos de Familia , Confianza , China , Estudios Transversales , Humanos , Atención Primaria de Salud
15.
Front Psychiatry ; 13: 1058572, 2022.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36620668

RESUMEN

Background: The impact of screen time on mental health, including depression, has attracted increasing attention from not only children and adolescents but also the elderly. Thus, we conducted a meta-analysis of cohort studies to evaluate the association between screen time and depression risk. Methods: The PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases were searched for cohort studies up to May 2022, and the reference lists of the included studies were also retrieved. A random-effect model was used to estimate the combined effect size. Heterogeneity was assessed with the I 2 statistic. Potential publication bias was evaluated using a funnel plot and Begg's and Egger's tests. Results: The final analysis included 18 cohort studies with a combined total of 241,398 participants. The pooled risk ratio (RR) was 1.10 (95% confidence interval: 1.05-1.14), with significant heterogeneity (I 2 = 82.7%, P < 0.001). The results of subgroup analyses showed that the pooled RRs varied according to geographic locations, gender, age group, screen time in the control group, depression at the baseline, and whether the study was conducted during the COVID-19 pandemic. No obvious evidence of publication bias was found. Conclusion: This study indicates that screen time is a predictor of depressive symptoms. The effects of screen time on depression risk may vary based on the participant's age, gender, location, and screen time duration. The findings could have important implications for the prevention of depression.

16.
Front Psychol ; 13: 1051128, 2022.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36591028

RESUMEN

Background: The relationship between daytime napping and depression remains debatable. Thus, a meta-analysis in this study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between daytime napping and depression. Methods: The PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases were searched up to February 2022, and the reference lists of the included studies were also retrieved. A random-effects model was used to estimate the combined effect size. Results: Nine studies with 649,111 participants were included in the final analysis. The pooled odds ratio (OR) was 1.15 (95% confidence interval: 1.01-1.31) with a significant heterogeneity (I 2 = 91.3%, P for heterogeneity <0.001), and the results demonstrated an increased risk of depressive symptoms among daytime nappers. Visual inspection of the funnel plot and Egger's and Begg's tests identified no obvious evidence of publication bias. Conclusion: This meta-analysis indicates that daytime naps are a predictor of depression. The effects of daytime napping on depression may vary depending on the characteristics of people, the pattern of naps, and the individual's sleep experience. The findings may have significant implications for future research on depression.

17.
J Pediatr ; 158(6): 885-890.e1, 2011 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21300373

RESUMEN

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of early bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) on calcium (Ca) metabolism and growth in very low birth weight (VLBW) infants. STUDY DESIGN: A dual-tracer, stable isotope method was used to assess Ca absorption in VLBW infants. Infants with early BPD received energy-dense feedings and mild fluid restriction. RESULTS: Sixteen of 41 preterm infants were classified as having early BPD. Fractional Ca absorption (early BPD, 58.4 ± 4.6% versus no early BPD, 50.3 ± 4.0%, P = .2), total Ca absorption (early BPD, 127 ± 14 mg/kg/d versus no early BPD, 104 ± 9 mg/kg/d, P = .9), and Ca retention (early BPD, 99.6 ± 10.0 mg/kg/d versus no early BPD, 91.0 ± 9.8 mg/kg/d, P = .2) were similar among groups. There was no significant difference in weight gain, linear growth, or head circumference growth between groups. CONCLUSIONS: The ability of VLBW infants with early BPD and fluid restriction to grow and accrete calcium is similar to those without early BPD. The use of high caloric density feedings in VLBW infants with early BPD can help achieve bone and overall growth outcomes close to those achievable in utero.


Asunto(s)
Displasia Broncopulmonar/complicaciones , Displasia Broncopulmonar/metabolismo , Calcio/farmacocinética , Recién Nacido de muy Bajo Peso/metabolismo , Absorción , Animales , Bovinos , Humanos , Fórmulas Infantiles , Recién Nacido , Recien Nacido Prematuro , Cuidado Intensivo Neonatal , Espectrometría de Masas/métodos , Leche , Leche Humana , Fósforo/metabolismo
18.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces ; 13(47): 56620-56629, 2021 Dec 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34786937

RESUMEN

Nanoscopic heterojunction stacks are prevalent in nature as well as in artificial material systems, such as the nanoscopically blended components in soil or artificial catalytic layers on device surfaces. Despite the enormous attention placed on studying individual heterojunctions, the advantageous catalytic performance of heterojunction aggregates has not been recognized. In this study, we employ the ordered N-doped TiO2 nanosheets and Au nanoparticle heterojunction multilayers obtained by a layer-by-layer technique to investigate the functional merits stemmed from heterojunction aggregates. The study demonstrates that nanoscopic heterojunction stacks promote the internal electric field that stemmed from charge separation and boost carrier separations. The aggregate-enhanced carrier separation can be harnessed in chemical conversions. The enhancement effect is influenced by both the dimensions of the entire aggregates as well as the dimensions of the nanoscopic building units. We expect the study to promote the understanding of heterojunction catalysts and corresponding matter conversion from the individual particulate level to the nanoscopic aggregate level and facilitate better harnessing of the photovoltaic effects or catalytic power in nanoscopic heterojunction aggregates.

19.
Micromachines (Basel) ; 12(12)2021 Nov 27.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34945313

RESUMEN

With the rising demand for wearable, multifunctional, and flexible electronics, plenty of efforts aiming at wearable devices have been devoted to designing sensors with greater efficiency, wide environment tolerance, and good sustainability. Herein, a thin film of double-network ionic hydrogel with a solution replacement treatment method is fabricated, which not only possesses excellent stretchability (>1100%) and good transparency (>80%), but also maintains a wide application temperature range (-10~40 °C). Moreover, the hydrogel membrane further acts as both the flexible electrode and a triboelectric layer, with a larger friction area achieved through a micro-structure pattern method. Combining this with a corona-charged fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP) film, an electret/hydrogel-based tactile sensor (EHTS) is designed and fabricated. The output performance of the EHTS is effectively boosted by 156.3% through the hybrid of triboelectric and electrostatic effects, which achieves the open-circuit peak voltage of 12.5 V, short-circuit current of 0.5 µA, and considerable power of 4.3 µW respectively, with a mentionable size of 10 mm × 10 mm × 0.9 mm. The EHTS also demonstrates a stable output characteristic within a wide range of temperature tolerance from -10 to approximately 40 °C and can be further integrated into a mask for human breath monitoring, which could provide for a reliable healthcare service during the COVID-19 pandemic. In general, the EHTS shows excellent potential in the fields of healthcare devices and wearable electronics.

20.
Nanomicro Lett ; 13(1): 123, 2021 May 10.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34138353

RESUMEN

Flexible, compact, lightweight and sustainable power sources are indispensable for modern wearable and personal electronics and small-unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). Hierarchical honeycomb has the unique merits of compact mesostructures, excellent energy absorption properties and considerable weight to strength ratios. Herein, a honeycomb-inspired triboelectric nanogenerator (h-TENG) is proposed for biomechanical and UAV morphing wing energy harvesting based on contact triboelectrification wavy surface of cellular honeycomb structure. The wavy surface comprises a multilayered thin film structure (combining polyethylene terephthalate, silver nanowires and fluorinated ethylene propylene) fabricated through high-temperature thermoplastic molding and wafer-level bonding process. With superior synchronization of large amounts of energy generation units with honeycomb cells, the manufactured h-TENG prototype produces the maximum instantaneous open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current and output power of 1207 V, 68.5 µA and 12.4 mW, respectively, corresponding to a remarkable peak power density of 0.275 mW cm-3 (or 2.48 mW g-1) under hand pressing excitations. Attributed to the excellent elastic property of self-rebounding honeycomb structure, the flexible and transparent h-TENG can be easily pressed, bent and integrated into shoes for real-time insole plantar pressure mapping. The lightweight and compact h-TENG is further installed into a morphing wing of small UAVs for efficiently converting the flapping energy of ailerons into electricity for the first time. This research demonstrates this new conceptualizing single h-TENG device's versatility and viability for broad-range real-world application scenarios.

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