[Incidence of phlebitis in patients with intestinal inflammatory disease undergoing peripheral parenteral nutrition]. / Incidencia de flebitis en pacientes con enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal sometidos a nutrición parenteral periférica.

The aim of this study is to evaluate the incidence of phlebitis in patients with inflammatory bowel disease under parenteral nutrition treatment (700 mOsm/ml) via peripheral vein. Results will be used to develop an standar protocol. 30 patients were sampled and the cannulation was performed by nursery personnel. Daily, incidence of phlebitis was evaluated with a gradual scale ranging in 5 possible degrees from absence of signs to thrombophlebitis. 86.6% of the patients received the feeding through a Teflon catheter with a fine bore of 20 gauge. Cannulas were mostly situated in the basilic vein. Development of phlebitic signs was proportional to the duration of infusion. When phlebitic signs appeared, via of cannulation was not changed in 33% of those patients.

[How to prescribe for patients with dysphagia: a review for the adaptation of the pharmaceutical guide in a socio-sanitary hospital]. / Adaptación de la guía farmacoterapéutica de un hospital sociosanitario a pacientes con disfagia.

PURPOSE: The aims of this paper are to review the pharmaceutical guide in order to include suitable dosage forms for patients with dysphagia and to establish specific recommendations for the drug administration. METHODS: A comprehensive literature review was performed to develop general recommendations. Three topics were checked for every drug: a) alternative dosage forms suitable to patients with dysphagia; b) appropriateness of crushing tablets and opening capsules; and c) are these drugs suitable be mixed with food? RESULTS: An algorithm was designed in order to help clinicians to select the best pharmaceutical form and its optimal administration method. The former pharmaceutical guide was modified and handling recommendations were made for each drug. Eleven dispersable, 26 liquid and 8 powder new forms were included. CONCLUSIONS: This work has turned the pharmaceutical guide of the hospital in a useful tool for the prescription, validation and administration of medicines to patients with dysphagia.

Objetivo: Revisar la guía farmacoterapéutica del hospital para incluir formas farmacéuticas adaptadas a pacientes con disfagia y recomendaciones para la administración de medicamentos en estos pacientes. Método: Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica para elaborar las recomendaciones generales de administración de medicamentos en disfagia. Se comprobó para cada principio activo: a) si existían comercializadas otras formas farmacéuticas más recomendables; b) si había posibilidad de manipular los comprimidos o cápsulas, y c) si eran compatibles con alimentos. Resultados: Se desarrolló un algoritmo de decisión para ayudar en la selección de la forma farmacéutica y de su método de administración. Se incluyó un apartado de recomendaciones de administración para cada principio activo. La búsqueda supuso la inclusión de once formas bucodispersables, veintiséis líquidas y ocho como polvo. Conclusiones: La revisión mejorará la utilidad de la guía como instrumento para la prescripción, validación y administración de medicamentos en disfagia.