Effects of internet-based, psychosocial, and early medical interventions on professional burnout in health care workers: Systematic literature review and meta-analysis.

Background: The prevalence of professional burnout increased among healthcare workers during the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, with negative effects on their mental health. Consequently, research interest in methods to decrease the prevalence of burnout and reduce the effects of burnout on healthcare workers has increased. Objective: This study was designed to evaluate the effects of Internet-based, psychosocial, and early medical interventions on professional burnout among healthcare workers. Methodology: This systematic review and meta-analysis involved 8004 articles identified from four databases: Cochrane, Web of Science, PubMed/Medline, and clinical trials. Results: Four articles were included in the systematic review, of which two could be meta-analyzed. The pooled effect of the group of interventions compared to control conditions was not statistically significant. Discussion: Evaluating therapeutic effectiveness requires more clinical trials that allow its evaluation. Although we did not find improvements in the three intervention categories, the methodological heterogeneity in each intervention and the need for a standardized intervention guide for managing and decreasing professional burnout, subject to the evaluation of its impact, are highlighted.

Reseña bibliográfica: glosario ilustrado de dermatología y dermatopatología, segunda edición / Bibliographic review: Illustrated Glossary of Dermatology and Dermatopathology, Second Edition

Resumen La segunda edición del Glosario ilustrado de dermatología y dermatopatología es un texto escrito por el médico especialista en Dermatopatología, Gerzaín Rodriguez Toro. El doctor Rodríguez fue docente de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia, en Bogotá, donde llegó a ser profesor titular y maestro universitario. Actualmente es profesor destacado de la Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad de La Sabana. Este texto constituye una sucesión de la labor que ha realizado el doctor Gerzaín durante décadas en el campo de la docencia médica, mediante sus múltiples publicaciones en el ámbito de la Dermatopatología.

Abstract The second edition of the Illustrated Glossary of Dermatology and Dermatopathology is a text written by the specialist in Dermatopathology, Gerzaín Rodriguez Toro. Dr. Rodríguez was a professor at the National University of Colombia, in Bogotá, where he became a full professor and university teacher. He is currently a prominent professor at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of La Sabana. This text constitutes a succession of the work that Dr. Gerzaín has carried out for decades in the field of medical teaching, through his multiple publications in the field of Dermatopathology.

Zika virus-induced neurological critical illness in Latin America: Severe Guillain-Barre Syndrome and encephalitis.

Zika virus (ZIKAV) is classically described as causing minor symptoms in adult patients, however neurologic complications have been recognized. The recent outbreak in Central and South America has resulted in serious illness in some adult patients. We report adult patients in Latin America diagnosed with ZIKAV infection admitted to Intensive Care Units (ICUs). METHODS: Multicenter, prospective case series of adult patients with laboratory diagnosis of ZIKAV in 16 ICUs in 8 countries. RESULTS: Between December 1st 2015 and April 2nd 2016, 16 ICUs in 8 countries enrolled 49 critically ill patients with diagnosis of ZIKAV infection. We included 10 critically ill patients with ZIKAV infection, as diagnosed with RT-PCR, admitted to the ICU. Neurologic manifestations concordant with Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS) were present in all patients, although 2 evolved into an encephalitis-like picture. 2 cases died, one due to encephalitis, the other septic shock. CONCLUSIONS: Differing from what was usually reported, ZIKAV infection can result in life-threatening neurologic illness in adults, including GBS and encephalitis. Collaborative reporting to identify severe illness from an emerging pathogen can provide valuable insights into disease epidemiology and clinical presentation, and inform public health authorities about acute care priorities.

Methodology to develop endemic channels and notification trends for dengue in Valle del Cauca, Colombia, 2009-2013.

INTRODUCTION: Dengue is the fastest spreading disease in the world and a permanent threat to global public health. It is a viral illness for which approximately 2.5 million people are at high risk of infection. Given the severity of the disease at national and global levels, new predictive methodologies need to be generated to facilitate decision-making in public health.  OBJECTIVE: To characterize cases of dengue reported from 2009 to 2013 in Valle del Cauca department, Colombia, and to establish a methodology to develop endemic channels that can be applied to this event.  MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a retrospective descriptive study. Notification forms were used as a secondary database to characterize dengue cases from 2009 to 2013. Two endemic channels were developed, one using running means and the other through exponential smoothing.  RESULTS: Dengue in the department of Valle del Cauca showed a positive tendency, indicating that the number of cases had increased in the last five years. An important variation was observed that could be explained by a three-year cycle beginning in the first epidemiological period of the year.  CONCLUSION: The development of the dengue endemic channel for Valle del Cauca illustrates the importance of applying these monitoring methodologies to events of public health interest. As can be seen from the results, there were some years in which the number of cases was very low and others in which the epidemic reached very high levels.

Metodología para la elaboración de canales endémicos y tendencia de la notificación del dengue, Valle del Cauca, Colombia, 2009-2013 / Methodology to develop endemic channels and notification trends for dengue in Valle del Cauca, Colombia, 2009-2013

Introducción. El dengue es la enfermedad de más rápida propagación en el mundo y una permanente amenaza para la salud pública mundial, con aproximadamente 2,5 millones de personas en alto riesgo de infección. Ante la gravedad del cuadro de la enfermedad a nivel nacional y mundial, es necesario generar nuevas metodologías de predicción útiles para la adopción de decisiones en salud pública. Objetivo. Caracterizar los casos notificados de dengue entre el 2009 y el 2013 en el departamento del Valle del Cauca y presentar la metodología para elaborar canales endémicos en el caso del dengue. Materiales y métodos. Se hizo un estudio descriptivo retrospectivo, utilizando la base de datos secundaria de las fichas de notificación, y se caracterizaron los casos de dengue entre el 2009 y el 2013. Se elaboraron dos canales endémicos, uno mediante promedios móviles y el otro con suavización exponencial. Resultados. Se evidenció que la tendencia del dengue en el departamento del Valle del Cauca es positiva, lo que indica que en los últimos cinco años se ha incrementado el número de casos, aunque se observa una variación importante que podría explicarse por el ciclo de tres años que se inicia a partir del primer periodo epidemiológico del año. Conclusión. La elaboración del canal endémico del dengue en el Valle del Cauca evidenció la importancia de aplicar estas metodologías de vigilancia en las situaciones de interés en salud pública. Como se observó en los resultados, hubo años en los que el número de casos fue muy bajo y otros en los que la epidemia alcanzó cifras muy elevadas.

Introduction: Dengue is the fastest spreading disease in the world and a permanent threat to global public health. It is a viral illness for which approximately 2.5 million people are at high risk of infection. Given the severity of the disease at national and global levels, new predictive methodologies need to be generated to facilitate decision-making in public health. Objective: To characterize cases of dengue reported from 2009 to 2013 in Valle del Cauca department, Colombia, and to establish a methodology to develop endemic channels that can be applied to this event. Materials and methods: This was a retrospective descriptive study. Notification forms were used as a secondary database to characterize dengue cases from 2009 to 2013. Two endemic channels were developed, one using running means and the other through exponential smoothing. Results: Dengue in the department of Valle del Cauca showed a positive tendency, indicating that the number of cases had increased in the last five years. An important variation was observed that could be explained by a three-year cycle beginning in the first epidemiological period of the year. Conclusion: The development of the dengue endemic channel for Valle del Cauca illustrates the importance of applying these monitoring methodologies to events of public health interest. As can be seen from the results, there were some years in which the number of cases was very low and others in which the epidemic reached very high levels.

Alcohol y trauma: Un problema prioritario de salud pública / Alcohol and trauma: A priority public health problem

No hay duda de que existe una relación compleja entre el trauma y el consumo de alcohol que convierte a este binomio en un problema prioritario de salud pública. El trauma es una de las causas principales de la carga de la enfermedad; por su parte, el alcohol es uno de los mayores factores de riesgo para la salud global, y genera una variedad de efectos adversos en la vida de las personas, la productividad y los sistemas de salud. En el contexto del trauma, los consumidores de alcohol tienen más probabilidad de sufrir lesiones y que estas sean más severas. En los servicios de urgencias es posible reconocer problemas relacionados con el alcohol en pacientes a través de pruebas toxicológicas y cuestionarios de autorreporte. Los pacientes con altos niveles séricos de alcohol o que resultan positivos en cuestionarios de tamizaje están en alto riesgo de trauma recurrente y hospitalizaciones. Además, el uso de alcohol afecta el manejo inicial del paciente traumatizado de diversas maneras. Por lo tanto, la identificación y tratamiento apropiado de pacientes traumatizados que tengan problemas con alcohol es el método de prevención secundaria más eficaz para disminuir la incidencia de lesiones traumáticas relacionadas con este.

No doubt there is a complex relationship between trauma and alcohol consumption that makes this pairing a priority public health problem. Trauma is a major cause of disease burden. Alcohol is one of the major risk factors for global health by generating a variety of adverse effects on the people's lives, productivity and health systems. In the context of trauma, alcohol users are more likely to suffer injuries and make them more severe. In the emergency department is possible to recognize alcohol-related problems in patients through toxicological tests and self-report questionnaires. Patients with high blood alcohol levels or positive screening questionnaires are at high risk of recurrent trauma and hospitalizations. Moreover, alcohol use affects the initial management of trauma patients in different ways. Therefore the identification and treatment of trauma patients who have alcohol problems is the best method of secondary prevention in reducing the incidence of alcohol related traumatic injuries.