[Myocardial perfusion imaging and coronary artery disease : recent technological innovations]. / Comment j'explore. Innovations technologiques récentes en scintigraphie de perfusion myocardique et maladie coronarienne.

Cardiovascular diseases represent the first cause of mortality in the world. Various exploration methods exist to prevent and diagnose them. Among them, cardiac scintigraphy holds a predominant place. There are various equipments and procedures for its realization. We compared the practical aspects of using a conventional Anger camera (Symbia, Siemens) according to a two-days examination protocol with a dedicated cardio CzT camera (D-Spect, Spectrum Dynamics) according to a two-days protocol and a 360°SPECT/CT CzT camera (Veriton, Spectrum Dynamics) according to a one-day protocol. The use of CzT detectors allows a reduction of the activity injected to the patient and of the acquisition time in order to make this examination faster and less irradiating for the patient.

Les maladies cardiovasculaires représentent la première cause de mortalité dans le monde. Diverses méthodes d'exploration existent afin de les dépister et les diagnostiquer. Parmi elles, la scintigraphie cardiaque tient une place prépondérante. Il existe différents équipements et procédures pour sa réalisation. Nous avons comparé les aspects pratiques de la réalisation de l'examen avec une caméra d'Anger conventionnelle (Symbia, Siemens) selon un protocole d'examen en deux jours avec une caméra CzT cardio-dédiée (D-Spect, Spectrum Dynamics) selon un protocole en deux jours et une caméra 360°SPECT/CT CzT (Veriton, Spectrum Dynamics) selon un protocole en un jour. L'utilisation de détecteurs CzT permet une réduction de l'activité injectée au patient et des temps d'acquisition.

FDG PET/CT radiomics for predicting the outcome of locally advanced rectal cancer.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic value of baseline 18F-FDG PET/CT textural analysis in locally-advanced rectal cancer (LARC). METHODS: Eighty-six patients with LARC underwent 18F-FDG PET/CT before treatment. Maximum and mean standard uptake values (SUVmax and SUVmean), metabolic tumoral volume (MTV), total lesion glycolysis (TLG), histogram-intensity features, as well as 11 local and regional textural features, were evaluated. The relationships of clinical, pathological and PET-derived metabolic parameters with disease-specific survival (DSS), disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) were assessed by Cox regression analysis. Logistic regression was used to predict the pathological response by the Dworak tumor regression grade (TRG) in the 66 patients treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT). RESULTS: The median follow-up of patients was 41 months. Seventeen patients (19.7%) had recurrent disease and 18 (20.9 %) died, either due to cancer progression (n = 10) or from another cause while in complete remission (n = 8). DSS was 95% at 1 year, 93% at 2 years and 87% at 4 years. Weight loss, surgery and the texture parameter coarseness were significantly associated with DSS in multivariate analyses. DFS was 94 % at 1 year, 86 % at 2 years and 79 % at 4 years. From a multivariate standpoint, tumoral differentiation and the texture parameters homogeneity and coarseness were significantly associated with DFS. OS was 93% at 1 year, 87% at 2 years and 79% after 4 years. cT, surgery, SUVmean, dissimilarity and contrast from the neighborhood intensity-difference matrix (contrastNGTDM) were significantly and independently associated with OS. Finally, RAS-mutational status (KRAS and NRAS mutations) and TLG were significant predictors of pathological response to nCRT (TRG 3-4). CONCLUSION: Textural analysis of baseline 18F-FDG PET/CT provides strong independent predictors of survival in patients with LARC, with better predictive power than intensity- and volume-based parameters. The utility of such features, especially coarseness, should be confirmed by larger clinical studies before considering their potential integration into decisional algorithms aimed at personalized medicine.